To the Editor: Although the statement “Unfortunately, as it is not possible to obtain accurate quantitative data from humans, we have to rely on results extrapolated from animal studies, mainly dogs and cats” (1) was made in the context of venoconstrictor contributions to cardiac filling, its unqualified nature encourages comment. As Rowell (2) properly points out, both quantitative and accurat...

Most patients with endometrial cancer will present with early-stage disease. Although the rate of metastasis in these patients is low, proffering excellent prognoses, the standard of treatment in many practices still includes a complete or selective pelvic and para-aortic lymphadenectomy for staging; and accurate surgical staging is the most important prognostic factor. Many patients will under...

Beam monitoring using cameras has evolved from qualitative beam observation to precision measurement. After a description of the two main TV standards, various sensors including TV tubes (Vidicon), solid state sensors (Interline and Frame transfer CCDs, CMOS and CID X-Y matrices), and Fast Shutter/Intensifiers of the MCP type are reviewed. Comparative resolution measurements for the various sen...

research error in medical sciences studies and their control strategies khorami markaney a , yagmayee f , habibzadeh h received: 22 march, 2010 accepted: 11 july,. 2010 abstract background & aims: one of the important goals of research studies especially in medical sciences is accurate measurement of outcome occurrence. despite numerous efforts to reduce accuracy errors, they still occur. the a...

The aim of this paper is to show the significance of the function of Mechanic of Surgical Instruments in raising up a modern, in 19th century terms, surgical clinic by prof. Ludwik Bierkowski. Exploiting mainly source materials, this article discusses the character of mechanical occupations and his duties. The personality of Gotlob Jentsch, first to take this position, and his immediate success...

It has been known since Phillips and Hansen (1990) that cointegrated systems can be consistently estimated using stochastic trend instruments that are independent of the system variables. A similar phenomenon occurs with deterministically trending instruments. The present work shows that such ‘‘irrelevant’’ deterministic trend instruments may be systematically used to produce asymptotically eff...

BACKGROUND Accurate values are a must in medicine. An important parameter in determining the quality of a medical instrument is agreement with a gold standard. Various statistical methods have been used to test for agreement. Some of these methods have been shown to be inappropriate. This can result in misleading conclusions about the validity of an instrument. The Bland-Altman method is the mo...