Relevance. The priorities of modern agricultural production are the application new pesticides that highly effective, safe for humans and do not have a negative impact on environmental objects. most promising is synthesis substances from natural materials or their synthetic analogues (pesticides biological origin). These include avermectin class substance – milbemectin.
 Objective work was...

This nested case-control study examined relationships between MDR1, CYP2B6, and CYP3A4 variants and hepatotoxicity during antiretroviral therapy with either efavirenz- or nevirapine-containing regimens. Decreased risk of hepatotoxicity was associated with MDR1 3435C-->T (odds ratio, 0.254; P=.021). An interaction between MDR1 and hepatitis B surface antigen status predicted risk with 82% accura...

Two patients with rheumatoid arthritis developed evidence of hepatotoxicity while receiving D-penicillamine. Both recovered after withdrawal of the drug. These cases and a review of the literature suggested that hepatotoxicity, though rare, should be added to the list of adverse reactions to D-penicillamine.

BACKGROUND Challenges exist in the clinical diagnosis of drug-induced liver injury (DILI) and in obtaining information on hepatotoxicity in humans. OBJECTIVE (i) To develop a unified list that combines drugs incriminated in well vetted or adjudicated DILI cases from many recognized sources and drugs that have been subjected to serious regulatory actions due to hepatotoxicity; and (ii) to supp...

Acetaminophen (APAP) is a widely available antipyretic and analgesic; however, overdose of the drug inflicts severe damage to the liver. It is well established that the hepatotoxicity of APAP is initiated by formation of a reactive metabolite, N‑acetyl‑p‑benzoquinone imine (NAPQI), which can be detoxified by conjugation with reduced glutathione (GSH), a typical antioxidant. We recently found th...

Idiosyncratic drug hepatotoxicity represents a major problem in drug development due to inadequacy of current preclinical screening assays, but recently established rodent models utilizing bacterial LPS co-administration to induce an inflammatory background have successfully reproduced idiosyncratic hepatotoxicity signatures for certain drugs. However, the low-throughput nature of these models ...

BACKGROUND Acetaminophen Psi Parameter (APP) is a composite of acetaminophen (paracetamol) level and lag time before N-acetylcysteine (NAC) therapy. The APP is a significant predictor of hepatotoxicity secondary to acute acetaminophen overdose. Acetaminophen Psi Nomogram (APN) was invented as a graphic analog of the APP for use in predicting individual patient's risk of hepatotoxicity. Clinical...

objective(s): to appraise the antihepatotoxic efficacy of ethanolic extract of operculum turpethum root on the liver of swiss albino mice.   materials and methods:   hepatic fibrosis was induced in adult male albino mice through intraperitoneal administrations of n-nitrosodimethylamine (ndma) at the concentration of 10 mg/kg body weight. the liver toxicity and therapeutic effect of the plant et...

objective(s): methylsulfonylmethane (msm) is a sulfur-containing compound found in a wide range of human foods including fruits, vegetables, grains and beverages. in this study the effect of msm pretreatment on acetaminophen induced liver damage was investigated. materials and methods: male sprague dawley rats were pretreated with 100 mg/kg msm for one week. on day seven rats were received acet...

objective(s):lead (pb) is a toxic metal inducing many destructive effects leading to a broad range of physiological, biochemical, and neurological dysfunctions in humans and laboratory animals. materials and methods: here, we investigated the effect of chronic exposure to pb (50 mg/l) on oxidative stress, hepatotoxicity, nephrotoxicity, and lipid profile of two different age groups of female ra...