In the title E isomer of the racemic compound, C37H32F2N2O2, the pyridinone ring adopts a twisted half-chair conformation with the N atom deviating by -0.355 (3) Å and with the methyl-ene C atom next to octa-hydro-indolizine moiety deviating by 0.415 (3) Å from the mean plane defined by other four atoms. In the octa-hydro-indolizine system, the pyrrolidine ring exhibits an envelope conformation...

Argument maps as schematic representations of arguments and their logical and evidential relationships are effective diagrams for instruction in education as well as in L2 development. However, their use for teaching L2 writing in EFL contexts has not been adequately studied. Therefore, this study investigated the effect of argument mapping instruction on Iranian EFL learners’ writing achieveme...

Two things are striking about this medieval definition. The first is that it is very close to the modern conception of formal consequence one finds in Bolzano and Tarski3. The second is that although Buridan and the other fourteenth-century logicians state these distinctions with a great deal of precision, they say almost nothing about the point of the distinctions. Why are these distinctions d...

We define the pull-back of a smooth principal fibre bundle, and show that it has a natural principal fibre bundle structure. Next, we analyse the relationship between pull-backs by homotopy equivalent maps. The main result of this article is to show that for a principal fibre bundle over a paracompact manifold, there is a principal fibre bundle isomorphism between pull-backs obtained from homot...

This paper develops a probabilistic reconstruction of the No Miracles Argument (NMA) in the debate between scientific realists and anti-realists. The goal of the paper is to clarify and to sharpen the NMA by means of a probabilistic formalization. In particular, I demonstrate that the persuasive force of the NMA depends on the particular disciplinary context where it is applied, and the stabili...

This paper introduces AIFdb Corpora, an addition to AIFdb for collecting and presenting sets of AIF argument maps. AIFdb Corpora allows any user to create a corpus and share the contents.

Two transformations between the complex space and 2dimensional Euclidean topological space are defined. By them, the concept of argument is induced to 2-dimensional vectors using argument of complex number. Similarly, the concept of an angle is introduced using the angle of two complex numbers. The concept of a triangle and related concepts are also defined in n-dimensional Euclidean topologica...

Credence products are those whose quality is difficult or impossible for consumers to assess, even after consuming the product (Darby & Karni, 1973). For example, it is difficult to assess the technical skill and knowledge of a physician even after a visit. This research is focused on the content, structure and consumer perceptions of online reviews for credence services. We start by examining ...

In this paper we show how the defense relation among abstract arguments can be used to encode the reasons for accepting arguments. After introducing a novel notion of defenses and defense graphs, we propose a defense semantics together with a new notion of defense equivalence of argument graphs, and compare defense equivalence with standard equivalence and strong equivalence, respectively. Then...