This essay seeks to assess the renegade Thomas Beddoes through the filter of the gout diagnosis in his time. It stretches out to cover his whole life and emphasizes the need for a broad comparative historical and biographical approach. Gout is shown to have functioned then as more than a malady; it was also part of a social code embedding class, rank, affiliation, standing and political position.

We assessed four potential sources of error in estimating size of the population of Devils Hole pupfish (Cyprinodon diabolis); net, time of day, diver, and order of diver. Experimental dives (3/day) were conducted during 4 days in July 2009. Effects of the four sources of error on estimates from dive surveys were analyzed using a split-split plot ANOVA. Diver and order of diver had no significa...

Whirlwinds and visible dust devils occur over semi-arid ecosystems entrain particles from the ground surface. Fires produce abundant charcoal across savannahs resulting blackened surfaces create a large albedo contrast. have been observed associated with active fires; yet, there are few published observations on post-fire landscapes. Spatiotemporal patterns of whirlwinds documented for limited ...