The connection points between MV and LV distribution networks are MV substations. Optimal sitting, sizing and timing of MV substation placement is the major planning problem in MV-LV distribution system planning projects. In this paper the optimal MV substation placement problem is solved using Imperialist Competitive Algorithm (ICA) as a new developed heuristic optimization algorithm. This pro...

Reactive power optimization in distribution systems is investigated in this paper. The objective of this paper is to determine the proper setting values and placing of capacitor banks. A novel Fuzzy Iterative Learning Control (FILC) approach is proposed in this paper. The reactive power is controlled by shunt capacitor banks. The problem formulation considers two distinct objectives related to ...

A competent methodology based on the active power loss reduction for optimal placement and sizing of distributed generators (DGs) in an distribution network (ADN) with several soft open points (SOPs) is proposed. series SOP combinations are explored to generate different structures they utilized optimization framework identify possible solutions minimum under normal conditions. Furthermore, a g...

In the last decade, there has been a lot of focus on sustainable development in the electrical power industry to meet the growing energy demand. This has led to an increase in the integration of renewable energy sources (RES). In addition to being abundantly available, the RES offers advantages such as low environmental impact and increased social development of rural communities which are impe...

Voltage quality is a one of the major concerns in distribution systems. Distributed Generations (DGs) have potential to improve voltage quality, if optimally planned and operated. Considering problem DG siting sizing, this paper aims at integrating technical factors, particularly planning DGs. Hence, methodology proposed which optimizes presence DGs can be used as objectives multi-objective or ...

Software companies exploit data about completed projects to estimate the development effort required for new projects. Software size is one of the most important information used to this end. However, different methods for sizing software exist and companies may require to migrate to a new method at a certain point. In this case, in order to exploit historical data they need to resize the past ...

let $mathcal{x}$ be a class of $r$-modules‎. ‎in this paper‎, ‎we investigate ;$mathcal{x}$-injective (projective) and dg-$mathcal{x}$-injective (projective) complexes which are generalizations of injective (projective) and dg-injecti‎‎ve (projective) complexes‎. ‎we prove that some known results can be extended to the class of ;$mathcal{x}$-injective (projective) and dg-$mathcal{x}$-injective ...