We have previously reported that CGRP plays a critical role in the reduction of stress-induced gastric mucosal injury by increasing gastric prostacyclin (PGI(2)) levels in rats. Estrogen has been shown to increase the production of CGRP in sensory neurons. Isoflavone has estrogen-like effects and is referred to as a phytoestrogen. Thus, we hypothesized that estrogen and isoflavone might inhibit...

BACKGROUND Despite decades of intense research efforts, actions of acute opioids are not fully understood. Increasing evidence suggests that in addition to well-documented antinociceptive effects opioids also produce paradoxical hyperalgesic and excitatory effects on neurons. However, most studies focus on the pronociceptive actions of chronic opioid exposure. Matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9)...

BACKGROUND Peripheral cold neuropathic pain is a serious side effect of oxaliplatin treatment. However, the mechanism of oxaliplatin-induced cold hyperalgesia is unknown. In the present study, we investigated the effects of oxaliplatin on transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) in dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons of rats. RESULTS Behavioral assessment using the acetone spray test sho...

A finishing trial and a metabolism trial were conducted to evaluate sources of supplemental protein in dry-rolled corn (DRC) and dry-rolled grain sorghum (DRGS) diets fed to large-framed calves and to determine effects of grain and protein source on ruminal metabolism. In Exp. 1, 144 Charolais crossbred steer and heifer calves (BW = 269 +/- 3 kg) were used in a randomized complete block design ...

The cell adhesion molecule L1 (L1-CAM) plays important functional roles in the developing and adult nervous systems. Here we show that peripheral nerve injury induced dynamic post-transcriptional alteration of L1-CAM in the rat dorsal root ganglia (DRGs) and spinal cord. Sciatic nerve transection (SCNT) changed the expression of L1-CAM protein but not L1-CAM mRNA. In DRGs, SCNT induced accumula...

Gastric Carcinoma is one of the most common cancers in the world. A large number of differentially expressed genes have been identified as being associated with gastric cancer progression, however, little is known about the underlying regulatory mechanisms. To address this problem, we developed a differential networking approach that is characterized by including a nascent methodology, differen...

BACKGROUND The purinergic P2X3 receptor (P2X3R) expressed in the dorsal root ganglion (DRG) sensory neuron and the P2X7 receptor (P2X7R) expressed in the surrounding satellite glial cell (SGC) are two major receptors participating in neuron-SGC communication in adult DRGs. Activation of P2X7Rs was found to tonically reduce the expression of P2X3Rs in DRGs, thus inhibiting the abnormal pain beha...

Despite the benefits of studying multiple patient outcomes together, research on between-hospital variation has often focused single or disease-specific study populations. In this we examined nationwide temporal trends and in in-hospital mortality, 30-day readmissions length-of-stay above All-Patient-Refined Diagnoses-Related-Group (APR-DRG)-specific 90th percentile (pLOS). We modelled 13,660,1...

BACKGROUND Activation of spinal cord glial cells such as microglia and astrocytes has been shown to regulate chronic opioid-induced antinociceptive tolerance and hyperalgesia, due to spinal up-regulation of the proinflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β). Matrix metalloprotease-9 (MMP-9) has been implicated in IL-1β activation in neuropathic pain. However, it is unclear whether...

We present results of VLT/FORS2 spectroscopy of galaxies at z ∼ 3 in the Hubble Deep Field-South (HDF-S). A sample of galaxies was drawn from the photometric redshift catalogue based on the HST/WFPC2 optical images and the deep near-infrared images obtained with VLT/ISAAC as a part of the Faint Infrared Extragalactic Survey (FIRES) project. We selected galaxies with photometric redshift between...