This study sought to establish worldwide and regional diagnostic reference levels (DRLs) achievable administered activities (AAAs) for single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI). Reference serve as radiation dose benchmarks compare individual laboratories against aggregated data, helping identify sites in greatest need of reduction interventions. DRLs ...

We investigated the role of the septo-hippocampal cholinergic projection in anxiety, spatial novelty preference, and differential reward for low rates of responding (DRL) performance. Cholinergic neurons of the rat medial septum (MS) and the vertical limb of the diagonal band of Broca (VDB) were lesioned using the selective immunotoxin, 192 IgG-saporin. Rats were then tested on several behavior...

Background: The radiation doses resulting from diagnostic X-ray examinations are routinely measured in terms of entrance surface dose (ESD) and effective dose (ED). In this study, for the purpose of radiation protection, the radiation doses received from Digital chest X-ray examination were evaluated in terms of ESD and ED. Material and Methods: The ED was calculated by using the MCNP ...

We present a hierarchical deep reinforcement learning (DRL) framework with prominent sampling efficiency and sim-to-real transfer ability for fast safe navigation: the low-level DRL policy enables robot to move towards target position keep distance obstacles simultaneously; high-level is supplemented further enhance navigation safety. select waypoint located on path from ultimate goal as sub-go...

conclusions these findings show non-adherence to the stard. the authors, reviewers, and editors should pay more attention to reporting by checking stard statement items and including a flow diagram to represent study design and patient flow. objectives up to date, few data exist about the quality of diagnostic accuracy studies in iran. therefore, we evaluated the extent of adherence to the star...

The linotte (lio) mutant was first isolated as a memory mutant. The lio gene encodes a putative receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK), homologous to the human protein RYK. This gene has been independently identified in a screen for embryonic nervous system axonal guidance defects and called derailed (drl). Here, we report that linotte mutants present structural brain defects in the adult central compl...

A few representations have been used for capturing design rationale. To understand their scope and adequacy, we need to know how to evaluate them. In this article, we develop a framework for evaluating the expressive adequacy of design rationale representations. This framework is built by progressively differentiating the elements of design rationale that, when made explicit, support an increas...