Maize (Zea mays) seedlings were exposed to elevated atmospheric pressures while growing in moist sand in open plastic envelopes to evaluate the effects of directly applied atmospheric pressure on ethylene production and root growth. Effects were evaluated after 24 h. The threshold pressures necessary to promote ethylene production and decrease root elongation were about 600 and 400 kPa, respect...

PURPOSE To carry out long-term follow-up of patients diagnosed with asymptomatic simple renal cysts (SRCs). MATERIALS AND METHODS One hundred fifty-eight adult patients in whom SRCs were incidentally diagnosed by abdominal ultrasonography or abdominopelvic computed tomography between August 1994 and June 2004 were followed up for over 10 years. The retrospective analysis investigated sequenti...

In 1978, Chvátal and Thomassen proved that every 2-edge-connected graph with diameter 2 has an orientation with diameter at most 6. They also gave general bounds on the smallest value f(d) such that every 2-edge-connected graph G with diameter d has an orientation with diameter at most f(d). For d = 3, their general bounds reduce to 8 ≤ f(3) ≤ 24. We improve these bounds to 9 ≤ f(3) ≤ 11.

little information is available on the effects of applying compost tea to species in dry regions. compost from agricultural waste can promote drought resistance in plants and increase their growth by improving soil structure and providing nutrients and enhancing the capacity of the soil to store moisture. in order to examine these effects, compost tea was tested on two species growing in dry re...

Two-year-old branches on control trees (Pinus strobus L.) were compared through a season with branches on trees stem-girdled just above, or below, the branch whorl. All branches first sagged down for 20 days and then moved up for 40 days. Then, control branches reversed and moved back down while branches in both girdle treatments continued to move up. Movement reversal correlated with cessation...

Hurricane Gilbert struck the northeastern portion of the Yucatan Peninsula in an area where we have been conducting studies of the vegetation and avifauna in a dry tropical forest since 1984. All trees in our study area were completely defoliated and most suffered heavy structural damage. Although few trees were killed outright, many died over the next 17 months, especially those that had been ...

Catalysts play a key role in the growth of carbon nanotubes. The microwave plasma-assisted chemical vapor deposition (MPACVD) method is now commonly used for directional and conformal growth of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) on substrates. In this work, we report on the effect of H(2) plasma pre-treatment on the diameter and density of iron catalyst nanoparticles for different iron layer thicknesses i...