Mycotoxins contamination of feedstuff for aquatic animals is common in regions with humid tropical conditions. In this study Indian white shrimp, Fenneropenaeus indicus, (11.79 ± 1.76 g) were fed with diets containing 0, 20, 50, 100, 200, 400, 800 and 1600 ppb levels of aflatoxin B1 (AFLB1) for 8 weeks. Final weight, aflatoxin B1 residue (2-week intervals), Total Hemocyte Count (THC), Total Pla...

In this review paper, we summarize the immune system of penaeid shrimp. This review includes the clotting system comprising clot protein and clotting enzyme (transglutaminase II), as well as the prophenoloxidase (proPO) activation system including proPO-activating enzyme (PPAE), proPO and clip domain serine protease homolog (c-SPH). In addition, several shrimp cytokines or cytokine-like molecul...

Recently, St. Anthony's Medical Center Laboratory (SAMC) in St. Louis, Missouri, installed a new automated hematology analyzer, the Sysmex XE-2100. The XE-2100 has an additional differential parameter, the immature granulocyte (IG) parameter. Prior to implementation, the IG parameter was evaluated by comparison to the manual immature granulocyte count. Immature granulocytes counted manually, as...

objective: inflammation is one of the major components of asthma. our aim was to evaluate the effects of c. sativus extract on total and differential white blood cells (wbc) count in lung lavage fluid (llf) of ovalbumin-sensitized rats. materials and methods: forty rats were divided into five groups (n = 8 for each group) as control (c), sensitized with injection and inhalation of ovalbumin (oa...

Highlight Research Cinnamaldehyde for shrimp Dynamics of Vibrio and the correlation with health status Green yellow bacteria in water, intestine, hepatopancreas decrease number green Abstract Disease can cause mortality high economic losses caused by Vibriosis group. One alternative is using cinnamaldehyde which function as an anti-microbial inhibit production toxins released microorganisms. Th...

This investigation studied the innate immune parameters of Macrobrachium malcolmsonii fed diets enriched with 0, 0.01%, 0.1%, or 1.0% Andrographis paniculata extract and infected with Lactococcus garviae. The total hemocyte count did not significantly differ between treatments during the first week but was significantly higher in prawns fed the 0.1% or 1.0% diets during weeks 2 and 4. Phenoloxi...

Pacific whiteleg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) is a very important commodity, which accounts for almost 70% of the total world production. However, this production still threatened by disease attacks, one caused white spot (WSD). Herbs are widely used as immunostimulants an effort to prevent diseases. Black cumin (Nigella sativa) and stone breaker (Phyllanthus niruri) have long been known excel...