Presented is a single-ended potentiostat topology with a new interface connection between sensor electrodes and potentiostat circuit to avoid deviation of cell voltage and linearly convert the cell current into voltage signal. Additionally, due to the increased harmonic distortion quantity when detecting low-level sensor current, the performance of potentiostat linearity which causes the detect...

In this paper, a global stability and robust nonlinear controller for VSC-HVDC transmission Converters applying input-output linearization (IOL) techniques is proposed. The feedback linearization based nonlinear differential-geometric techniques is used to cancel nonlinearities and decouple the input control variables. Global tracking capability with zero steady-state error of the voltage loop ...

These results, that there is a different temporal profile of release of LH and G H by PDBu, a differential action of two PKC inhibitors on this release and also that an L-type CaZ+channel blocker can completely inhibit PDBu-induced release of GH but not LH, indicate strongly that regulation of hormone secretion by PKC is very differently organized in the cell types involved. It is known that LH...

Dynamic CMOS logic circuits are used in high performance VLSI chips in order to achieve very high system performance. These circuits requires less number of transistors as compare to CMOS logic circuits Dynamic logic circuits are much affected by noise as compared to static CMOS circuit. This is due to the fact that dynamic logic circuits have lower value of switching threshold voltage, which i...

A novel voltage delta IDDQ test method is presented for circuits working in low voltages. The proposed method can eliminate the any contribution from leakage due to the usage of differential IDDQ test method. The proposed method is successfully implemented on 1-bit, 32-bit and 100-adders circuits on IBM 130 nm technology and can detect faulty circuit only if short is activated from the applied ...

Cannabinoid (CB(1)) receptor activation produced differential effects on voltage-gated outward potassium currents in whole-cell recordings from cultured (7-15 days) rat hippocampal neurons. Voltage-dependent potassium currents A (I(A)) and D (I(D)) were isolated from a composite tetraethylammonium-insensitive current (I(comp)) by blockade with either 4-aminopyridine (500 microM) or dendrotoxin ...

In the field of analog signal processing, there is a strong need for low-voltage and low-power integrated circuits. Especially in the mobile communication circuitry, an analog signal processing circuit must be fed by dry batteries of 1–1.5 V. This paper presents a design and implementation of a current-mode fully-differential analog CMOS integrator operable with such a low supply voltage. This ...

This paper describes the design and optimization of voltage controlled oscillators with quadrature outputs. Systematic design of fully integrated LC-VCOs with a high inductance tank leads to a cross-coupled double core LC-VCO as the optimal solution in terms of power consumption. Futhermore, a novel fully differential frequency tuning concept is introduced to ease high integration. The concepts...

This paper presents an effective method of linearizing the electrostatic transfer characteristics of micromachined two–dimensional (2-D) scanners. The orthogonal scan angles of surface micromachined polysilicon scanner are controlled by using quadrant electrodes for electrostatic actuation. By using a pair of differential voltages over a bias voltage, we could improve the distortion of projecte...

This paper is present sinusoidal frequency doublers circuit with low voltage + 1.5 volt CMOS inverter. Main structure of circuit has three parts that is CMOS inverter circuit, differential amplifier circuit, and square root circuit. This circuit has designed to receive input voltage and give output voltage use few MOS transistor, easy to understand, non complex of circuit, high precision, low e...