Inertial-sensor-based hand motion tracking has become a well-accepted method in many clinical applications, including rehabilitation of the upper extremity. However, major drawbacks are that sensor on each segment and kinematic chain rule is required. Thus, errors accumulate through rule. Also, length needs to be measured for user. We propose novel which permanent magnet dorsal side combined wi...

This article reports the variation in incident and transmitted light through four different computer-aided-designed/computer-assisted-manufactured (CAD/CAM) resin-based composites (RBC) of thicknesses up to 4 mm after simulating clinically relevant but non-ideal curing conditions. A violet-blue unit (LCU) was used simulate 39 conditions for each material thickness, setting an exposure distance ...

Multi-layer/multi-pass welding (MLMPW) technology is widely used in the energy industry to join thick components. During automatic welding using robots or other actuators, it is very important to recognize the actual weld pass position using visual methods, which can then be used not only to perform reasonable path planning for actuators, but also to correct any deviations between the welding t...

Utilizing a ray tracing approach based upon Snell’s optical laws and a 4×4 homogeneous coordinate transformation matrix, this study conducts a systematic analysis of the errors induced in the paths of skew rays as they pass through an optical element with an ellipsoid boundary surface. The error analysis performed in this study considers two principal sources of light path error, namely (1) tra...

This paper analyzes the performance of directional collision avoidance schemes, in which antenna systems are used to direct the transmission and reception of control and data packets in channel access protocols based on four-way handshakes to try to avoid collisions. The first analytical model to consider directional reception and the possible difference in gain between omni-directional and dir...

A motorized chair (with precise servo controls) accelerated the observer in a clockwise (eW) or counterclockwise (eeW) direction at rates that ranged in logarithmic progression from 0.02 to 6.00 deg/sec2. The target, a narrow collimated line of light, was contained within a goggle device worn by the observer and therefore fixed in relative position to him. The illusion, appearing as rightward o...

A growing interdisciplinary literature has been concerned with object cognition and its relation to deictic/indexical reference mechanisms. This literature postulates that explanation of many phenomena in perception requires appeal to interactions between agent and environment, and to the ways that sensory-motor information connects to cognition through deictic (or demonstrative) reference. In ...