Structural changes were the main focus of many studies in recent years. Changes which alter the socio-economic status of a nation from deprived and traditional nature to a developed and modern one. The main hypothesis of this study is that, the economic development does not occur through a regular flow of life (linear fashion), and without resilience, but it certainly needs to pass through a mo...

Technological discontinuities pose serious challenges to top managers’ attention. These discontinuities, which often occur at the fringes of an industry, are usually driven by innovative and (often) venture capital-backed start-ups creating new products and transforming existing industries in ways that are difficult for incumbent managers to understand against the backdrop of their existing cog...

BACKGROUND To study CT and MR findings in xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis (XGC). MATERIAL/METHODS Retrospective analysis of 30 histopathologically confirmed cases of XGC. Seventeen patients underwent CECT and 13 underwent MRI. The following features were studied - wall thickness, intramural nodules, pericholecystic stranding, wall thickness, THAD, fat in gallbladder wall, cholelithiasis, in...

This paper deals with the problem of numerical approximation in the Cauchy-Dirichlet problem for a scalar conservation law with a flux function having finitely many discontinuities. The well-posedness of this problem was proved by Carrillo [J. Evol. Eq. 3 (2003) 687–705]. Classical numerical methods do not allow us to compute a numerical solution (due to the lack of regularity of the flux). The...

This paper considers discrete-time nonlinear, possibly discontinuous, systems in closed-loop with Model Predictive Controllers (MPC). The aim of the paper is to provide a priori sufficient conditions for asymptotic stability in the Lyapunov sense and robust stability, while allowing for both the system dynamics and the value function of the MPC cost to be discontinuous functions of the state. T...

Standard phrase-based statistical machine translation systems generate translations based on an inventory of continuous bilingual phrases. In this work, we extend a phrase-based decoder with the ability to make use of phrases that are discontinuous in the source part. Our dynamic programming beam search algorithm supports separate pruning of coverage hypotheses per cardinality and of lexical hy...

We propose a discontinuous Galerkin method for linear elasticity, based on discontinuous piecewise linear approximation of the displacements. We show optimal order a priori error estimates, uniform in the incompressible limit, and thus locking is avoided. The discontinuous Galerkin method is closely related to the non-conforming Crouzeix–Raviart (CR) element, which in fact is obtained when one ...

This study examines when ‘incremental’ change is likely to trigger ‘discontinuous’ change, using the lens of complex adaptive systems theory. Going beyond the simulations and case studies through which complex adaptive systems have been approached so far, we study the relationship between incremental organizational reconfigurations and discontinuous organizational restructurings using a large-s...

A discontinuous Galerkin finite element method for an optimal control problem related to semilinear parabolic PDE’s is examined. The schemes under consideration are discontinuous in time but conforming in space. Convergence of discrete schemes of arbitrary order is proven. In addition, the convergence of discontinuous Galerkin approximations of the associated optimality system to the solutions ...