The Human Rights Act (HRA) has long been hailed for solving the historic tension between judicial oversight of rights protection and democratic legitimacy through ‘elegant’ ‘ingenious schem...

This paper presents an authorization scheme for large-scale networks that involves programming models and tools represented by Web, Java and CORBA. The authorization scheme is based on structures and concepts introduced in Web, Java and CORBA for security. A discretionary prototype is presented here, where the solutions adopted involving a concrete scheme are discussed. This scheme was develope...

This paper presents a CORBA Security discretionary prototype developed in the context of JaCoWeb Security Project. JaCoWeb Security Project is developing an authorization scheme for large-scale networks that is based on structures and concepts introduced in Web, Java and CORBA for security. This scheme is being developed in order to deal with management of security policies in large-scale netwo...

While Mandatory Access Controls (MAC) are appropriate for multilevel secure military applications, Discretionary Access Controls (DAC) are often perceived as meeting the security processing needs of industry and civilian government. This paper argues that reliance on DAC as the principal method of access control is unfounded and inappropriate for many commercial and civilian government organiza...

The recent development of the Internet has made an increasing number of information sources available to users. This makes it necessary to submit queries only to the most appropriate sources. When gathering and combining information from these sources the quality ooered can and must be a criterion for source selection. However, information quality has many dimensions and it is thus diicult to d...

Few inverse data envelopment analysis (DEA) models have incorporated non-discretionary measures based on radial efficiency values. However, the may be miscounted in approaches when some non-zero slacks appear. Furthermore, there is scant research DEA to estimate performance restaurant industry. Accordingly, this proposes non-radial analyze and output changes of Iranian restaurants while also pr...

This study presents empirical evidence concerning the effect of different accounting standard on earnings management. Prior studies have shown that accounting standards influence earnings management. Tighter accounting standards regime restricts management’s descretion to manipulate accruals, and at the same time, induce more costly real earnings management activities. To investigate this iss...