intravenous chemotherapy is an important mean for the treatment of cancers. infusion phlebitis (ph) is a common and acute complication of chemotherapy. the frequency of ph is about 70% in patients undergoing chemotherapeutic management. it can induce the pain, increase the risk of thrombophlebitis, lead to incomplete follow-up, and thereby, affect the patient’s health status. respecting the gre...

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) continues to cause major complications after hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT). Over the past decade, most centers have adopted preemptive antiviral treatment or prophylaxis strategies to prevent CMV disease. Both strategies are effective but also have shortcomings with presently available drugs. Here, we review aspects of CMV treatment and prevention in HCT recipie...

Among 5,043 invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) isolates identified through South African national surveillance from 2003 to 2007, we estimated the effect of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) prophylaxis on antimicrobial resistance. Patients on TMP-SMX prophylaxis were more likely to have a pneumococcal isolate nonsusceptible to TMP-SMX, penicillin, and rifampin. TMP-SMX nonsusceptibility...

BACKGROUND Rheumatic fever (RF) and rheumatic heart disease (RHD) cause considerable morbidity and mortality amongst Australian Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander populations. Secondary antibiotic prophylaxis in the form of 4-weekly benzathine penicillin injections is the mainstay of control programs. Evidence suggests, however, that delivery rates of such prophylaxis are poor. METHODS Thi...

Clostridium difficile-induced diarrhea and colitis are common complications of therapeutic courses of antibiotics in the hospital setting. We report a case of Clostridium difficile colitis following antibiotic prophylaxis for endocarditis prior to dental procedures in the community setting. The infection necessitated hospital admission and a prolonged hospital stay. Dental practitioners must be...

Consider a protocol to identify patients needing prophylaxis inthe ICU Many patients may enter the hospital already on a PPI for reflux disease or prevention of gastrointestinal side effects from other medications. This Clinical Inquiry shows that only certain patients in the hospital will benefit from prophylaxis for stress ulcers and have less bleeding. Therefore, consider using a protocol to...

Numerous case reports support the assertion that secondary infection around prosthetic joints can occur after dental disease or manipulation, or both, but the need for prophylactic antibiotics remains controversial. In the United States prophylaxis is recommended, whereas in Britain individuals adopt their own policy. We surveyed orthopaedic surgeons and dental and general practitioners to dete...

Objective—To assess the cost eVectiveness of antibiotic prophylaxis for haematogenous bacterial arthritis in patients with joint disease. Methods—In a decision analysis, data from a prospective study on bacterial arthritis in 4907 patients with joint disease were combined with literature data to assess risks and benefits of antibiotic prophylaxis. EVectiveness and cost eVectiveness calculations...

OBJECTIVE To assess compliance with oral penicillin prophylaxis in children with sickle cell disease and identify possible reasons for poor compliance. DESIGN Closed questionnaires given to parents of children with sickle cell disease and general practitioners in Brent. Urine samples from 23 children were tested for penicillin. SETTING Paediatric haematology clinic, Central Middlesex Hospit...

background and aims. dental procedures injuring oral tissues may induce bacterial release to blood stream that can cause infective endocarditis in susceptible patients. the aim of this study was to determine the level of knowledge of general dental practitioners (gdps) in tabriz, northwest of iran, regarding endocarditis prophylaxis in cardiac patients receiving dental treatments. materials and...