An apparatus for extracting organic compounds from soils, sands, and other solid matrix materials utilizes water at subcritical temperature and pressure as a solvent. The apparatus, called subcritical water extractor (SCWE), is a prototype of subsystems of future instrumentation systems to be used in searching for organic compounds as signs of past or present life on Mars. An aqueous solution g...

The fact that the choice of organic diluent is important for a solvent extraction process goes without saying. Several factors, such as e.g. price, flash point, viscosity, polarity etc. each have their place in the planning of a solvent extraction system. This high number of variables makes the lack of compilations concerning diluent effects to an interesting topic. Often the interest for the r...

Understanding interactions between permanently frozen soils and stream chemistry is important in predicting the effects of management, natural disturbance and changing permafrost distribution on stream ecosystems and nutrient budgets in subarctic watersheds. Chemical measurements of groundwater, soil water and stream water were made in two watersheds in the taiga of interior Alaska. One watersh...

A low-melting solid is used as organic solvent for liquid-liquid extraction at elevated temperatures followed by solidification and decantation of the aqueous phase.

Precious metals are currently associated with selenium (naumannite, Ag2Se) and tellurium (calaverite, AuTe2; sylvanite, (Au,Ag)2Te4) to form species refractory to cyanidation. The aim of this preliminary work was to study the use of the solvent extraction technique to recover tellurium and selenium ions from a synthetic solution similar to the cyanidation effluents to recycle the free cyanide b...

An alternative method for the extraction of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in ash samples, which is less time and solvent consuming than Soxhlet extraction, is presented. A study was carried out to evaluate the possibilities of microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) to determine exactly which parameters affect the efficiency of the process, since direct extrapolation of extraction conditions for...

Problem statement: Jatropha curcas is a wonder plant with a variety of applications and enormous economic potentials. Oil from the seeds can be used as alternative fuel and for making biodiesel which aims to overcome energy crisis problems. In this study, extraction of Jatropha oil from seeds was optimized using organic solvent based on the amount of the extracted oil. The kinetics of extractio...

An eight-channel programmed flow system for automatic lipid extraction and TLC application is described. Each channel has a container for lipid extraction connected by Acidflex tubing through an AutoAnalyzer pump to a TLC applicator needle. Extraction containers are prepared from disposable Oxford sampler pipet tips by inserting a small cotton filter into their lower, narrower end, which is con...

Pomegranate seed oil was extracted in a closed-vessel high-pressure microwave system. The characteristics of the obtained oil, such as fatty acid composition, free fatty acidity, total phenolic content, antioxidant activity and colour, were compared to those of the oil obtained by cold solvent extraction. Response surface methodology was applied to optimise extraction conditions: power (176-300...

-Gelation and precipitation are two possible outcomes for the polymerization of monomers dissolved in a solvent. Gelation is obtained when the polymers