We introduce the functional language IQu (“Haiku”) which, under the paradigm “quantum data & classical control” and in accordance with the model QRAM, allows to define and manipulate quantum circuits also by means of intermediate and partial measurement. Idealized Algol is the reference for the design of IQu. We extend the type system of Idealized Algol for typing both quantum-registers, i.e. t...

The precise complexity of complementing Büchi automata is an intriguing and long standing problem. While optimal complementation techniques for finite automata are simple – it suffices to determinize them using a simple subset construction and to dualize the acceptance condition of the resulting automaton – Büchi complementation is more involved. Indeed, the construction of an EXPTIME complemen...

In this note we present a proof that the variation distance up to relabeling is upperbounded by the “relative earth mover distance” (to be defined below). The relative earth mover distance was introduced by Valiant and Valiant [VV11], and was extensively used in their work. The foregoing claim was made in [VV11], but was not used there. The claim appears a special case of [VV15, Fact 1] (i.e., ...

People directly experience only themselves here and now but often consider, evaluate, and plan situations that are removed in time or space, that pertain to others' experiences, and that are hypothetical rather than real. People thus transcend the present and mentally traverse temporal distance, spatial distance, social distance, and hypotheticality. We argue that this is made possible by the h...

Previous reports showed that treatment with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents (NSAIA) can alter the growth profile of a variety of tumours. In this study, the effect of NSAIA treatment on the growth of the primary tumour and the appearance of spontaneous pulmonary metastases, was investigated. A mammary adenocarcinoma of non-detected immunogenicity, C7HI, was grafted subcutaneously in the ...

This year marks the 150th anniversary of the birth of D’Arcy Thompson, the British biologist, classicist, and all round polymath (For more information on D’Arcy Thompson see www. darcythompson.org). Like many, he was fascinated by the appearance and structure of living matter, and in his influential book, On Growth and Form [1], he set out to describe and explain the principles of morphogenesis...

The Paxos algorithm, when presented in plain English, is very simple.

(A, B,C, D, . . . are positive constants), where the symbol means that rn lies between any two successive partial sums of the series. Usually (as in [1, pp. 529–534]) this formula is deduced from Euler’s summation formula. In this note we show how to compute in succession the constants A, B,C, . . . by a very simple technique. Only derivatives and limits of ln and of rational functions are invo...

We present a Haskell library that makes it easy for compiler writers to implement program transformations based on dataflow analyses. The compiler writer must identify (a) a family of logical assertions on which the transformation will be based; (b) an approximate representation of such assertions, which must have a lattice structure such that every assertion can be increased at most finitely m...