An emerging theme of modern composites and devices is the coupling of nanostructural properties of materials with their targeted arrangement at the microscale. Of the imaging techniques developed that provide insight into such designer materials and devices, those based on diffraction are particularly useful. However, to date, these have been heavily restrictive, providing information only on m...

In this paper, we calculate the beam distribution function after filamentation (phase-mixing) of a focusing mismatch. This distribution is relevant when interpreting beam measurements and sources of emittance dilution in linear colliders. It is also important when considering methods of diluting the phase space density, which may be required for the machine protection system in future linear co...

The Ellipsoid NDF is a new normal distribution function (NDF) that we introduce and use in the accompanying paper. It can be used with micro-facet BRDF to model the reflection and refraction of light from surfaces. This new distribution is a generalization of the widely used isotropic GGX/Trowbridge-Reitz distribution. The Ellipsoid model is based on the surface statistics of an arbitrary 3D el...