Background: In focal repair of joint cartilage and meniscus, initial stiffness and strength of repairs are generally much less than surrounding tissue. This increases early failure potential. Secure primary fixation of the repair material is also a problem. Acrylamide polymer double-network (DN) hydrogels are candidate-improved repair materials. DN gels have exceptional strength and toughness c...

Double-exposure holograms are taken of the patient's cornea after a heartbeat. The resulting stress test, or holographic interferogram, shows sharply demarcated fringe patterns outlining structurally weak areas in the cornea. Wound strength in postoperative keratoplasties is now being evaluated on a routine basis to determine the effect of topical medications and surgical techniques. All grafts...

We study the phenomenon of an electromagnetically induced phase grating in a double-dark state system of 87Rb atoms, the two closely placed lower fold levels of which are coupled by a weak microwave field. Owing to the existence of the weak microwave field, the efficiency of the phase grating is strikingly improved, and an efficiency of approximately 33% can be achieved. Under the action of the...

Modification with acetic anhydride of nucleosomes from chicken erythrocytes at low ionic strength (less than 0.1 M NaCl) is accompanied by the formation of residual particles and the release of free DNA. This DNA has been identified as single-stranded by thermal denaturation, digestion with nuclease S1, and elution from hydroxyapatite. In contrast, if modification takes place at 0.6 M NaCl, the...

We study the phenomenon of an electromagnetically induced phase grating in a double-dark state system of 87Rb atoms, the two closely placed lower fold levels of which are coupled by a weak microwave field. Owing to the existence of the weak microwave field, the efficiency of the phase grating is strikingly improved, and an efficiency of approximately 33% can be achieved. Under the action of the...

Gamma irradiation of aqueous solutions of a synthetic heparinoid polyelectrolyte results in the formation of hydrogels, varying in water content and mechanical strength. The equilibrium water content and the mechanical strength of the hydrogels are dependent on the initial polyelectrolyte concentration, the molecular weight of the polyelectrolyte, the percentage of double bonds in the polyelect...

[1] Broadband shear wave signals from 15 deep South American earthquakes reveal small-scale variations of the D00 shear velocity discontinuity beneath the Cocos Plate. Deconvolution by average event source wavelets allows multiple event and California station combinations to be double-array stacked in 4 geographically separate reflection point bins with lateral dimensions of about 200 km. Refle...

We present a theoretical framework to calculate the electrochemical charge on silica surfaces in contact with high-ionic-strength solutions in narrow channels. Analytical results indicate that the contribution of the adsorbed metal cations to the total surface charge is not negligible when the salinity is larger than 1 mM. The electrical triple-layer model is proved much better than other model...

The linear and nonlinear behaviors of susceptibility via tunable Fano-type interference, based on intersubband transitions in asymmetric double quantum wells (QWs) driven coherently by a probe laser field, are analyzed. It is shown that Kerr nonlinearity can be controlled competently by tuning the energy splitting of the two excited states (the coupling strength of the tunneling), i.e. Fano-typ...

Bone-patellar tendon-bone graft has been an attractive option for single-bundle anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction in clinical practice. However, the graft-tunnel mismatch in the proximal part of the tibial tunnel and the ultimate strength after postoperative ligamentization process have been potential problems for the traditional 10-mm wide graft. We modified the traditional bone-patell...