Artificial vision systems cannot process all the information that they receive from the world in real time because it is highly expensive and inefficient in terms of computational cost. Inspired by biological perception systems, artificial attention models pursuit to select only the relevant part of the scene. On human vision, it is also well established that these units of attention are not me...

We show that combining both bottom-up rule chunking and top-down rule segmentation search strategies in purely unsupervised learning of phrasal inversion transduction grammars yields significantly better translation accuracy than either strategy alone. Previous approaches have relied on incrementally building larger rules by chunking smaller rules bottomup; we introduce a complementary top-down...

It is well accepted that image segmentation can benefit from utilizing multilevel cues. The paper focuses on utilizing the FCNN-based dense semantic predictions in the bottom-up image segmentation, arguing to take semantic cues into account from the very beginning. By this we can avoid merging regions of similar appearance but distinct semantic categories as possible. The semantic inefficiency ...

INTRODUCTION Emotional stimulus is processed automatically in a bottom-up way or can be processed voluntarily in a top-down way. Imaging studies have indicated that bottom-up and top-down processing are mediated through different neural systems. However, temporal differentiation of top-down versus bottom-up processing of facial emotional expressions has remained to be clarified. The present stu...

In his position paper, Theeuwes (2010) makes a challenge to a number of current theories of visual selective attention, which assume that what we select in the first instance is not simply bottom-up driven by properties of the stimulus, but also influenced (at least to some extent) by internal system settings that are under top-down control. In essence, Theeuwes (2010) puts forward a strong sti...

The Model Graphs are used extensively to facilitate the communication and comprehension of quantitative information, perhaps because they seem to exploit natural properties of our visual system such as the ability to process large amounts of information in parallel. Rather than a holistic pattern recognition process, however, research has found that graph comprehension is a complex, interactive...

Figure 2: Average DICE scores, across all test subjects, versus threshold for the different classifiers (NN top; RF bottom) colours given in text. Figure 3: Best DICE scores for each subject in the testing set (NN top; RF bottom) – colours given in text. Figure 1: Illustration of MultiScale Feature (left=original image; middle=segmentation; right=3x3 multi-scale features) Symmetric and Multi-Sc...

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Component-based software engineering (CBSE) is the construction of software systems from software components. Software components are independently deployable units of executable code that can be assembled into a system based on their externally visible properties, which are made available to system developers via the components interface specifications. Software components provide a means for ...