Although knee joint arthroscopy is one of the most frequently performed surgical procedures worldwide, there is no consensus on how to apply a drain in the joint if it is decided to use one. Therefore we describe a simple technique to safely apply a drain intra-articularly under full arthroscopic control, avoiding placement of the drain through the arthroscopic portal.

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This paper proposes and demonstrates the extraction of MOSFET threshold voltage, source-drain resistance, gate field mobility reduction factor, and transistor gain factor from the measurement of the small-signal source-drain conductance of a transistor as a function of dc gate bias with zero dc drain bias. The theory is based on the analytical model that includes the effects of source-drain res...

The threshold voltage value, which is the most important electrical parameter in modeling MOSFETs, can be extracted from either measured drain current or capacitance characteristics, using a single or more transistors. Practical circuits based on some of the most common methods are available to automatically and quickly measure the threshold voltage. This article reviews and assesses several of...

BACKGROUND Perioperative blood loss is still an unsolved problem in total knee arthroplasty (TKA). The efficacy of the preoperative use of tranexamic acid (TXA) plus drain-clamping to reduce blood loss in TKA has been debated. This meta-analysis aimed to illustrate the efficacy of TXA plus drain-clamping to reduce blood loss in patients who underwent a TKA. METHODS In February 2017, a systema...

sive, be easy to apply and remove, ensure the security of the drain and maximize patient comfort. These goals are achievable, but often drain security is prioritized at the expense of patient comfort and practicality. We have found an effective method for dressing sutured drains with the use of a single “All-In-One” dressing or a 20 × 10-cm adhesive-absorbent pad (Primipore; Smith & Nephew, St....

In this experimental trial , 133 patients with single long bone fracture requiring surgery, admitted in Shahid Mohammadi Hospital (Bandar Abbas/Iran) from June 2002 to April 2003, were randomly devided into two groups. In the first group (72 individuals), after the completion of the operation a single hemovac drain was inserted, while in the second group (61 patients) no drain was used. The two...

Microorganism can form biofilm to adapt various hard-to-live conditions for long-term survival. Foodborne pathogens can seed in the biofilm to escape the regular sanitation practice, especially in floor drains. Food processing facilities generally use chlorine-based, QACs-based, or phenolic-based sanitizers in their sanitation practice. The advantage of these sanitizers is cheap and effective a...