Malignant tumor cells can escape CD8+ cytotoxic T cell killing by downregulating class I major histocompatibility complex (MHC) expression. Stable class I MHC surface expression requires loading of the heavy chain/light chain dimer with antigenic peptide, which is delivered to class I MHC molecules in the endoplasmic reticulum by the presumed peptide transporter, encoded by the transporter asso...

BACKGROUND The transporter associated with antigen processing (TAP) is a critical component of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I antigen processing and presentation pathway. TAP transports antigenic peptides into the endoplasmic reticulum where it loads them into the binding groove of MHC class I molecules. Because peptides must first be transported by TAP in order to be presen...

Messenger RNAs are exported from the nucleus as large ribonucleoprotein complexes (mRNPs). To date, proteins implicated in this process include TAP/Mex67p and RAE1/Gle2p and are distinct from the nuclear transport receptors of the beta-related, Ran-binding protein family. Mex67p is essential for mRNA export in yeast. Its vertebrate homolog TAP has been implicated in the export of cellular mRNAs...

A new, simple experimental endometriosis model was established by auto-transplanting endometrial tissue fragments beneath kidney capsules in female rats. The transplanted endometrial tissue grew well, forming a fluid-filled cyst, which reached maximal size 2 to 3 weeks after transplantation. The growth and maintenance of the transplants was dependent on the ovary: ovariectomy induced regression...

Five mAbs have been generated and used to characterize TAP (T cell activating protein) a novel, functional murine T cell membrane antigen. The TAP molecule is a 12-kD protein that is synthesized by T cells. By antibody crossblocking, it appears to be closely associated with a 16-kD protein on the T cell membrane also identified with a novel mAb. These molecules are clearly distinct from the maj...

The present study was conducted on efficiency of utilization of dietary energy for milk production in lactating crossbred cattle. 18 lactating crossbred cattle of early to mid-lactation, approximate body weight (375.39±23.43 kg), milk yield, parity and stage of lactation were divided into three groups of six animals each and were fed 0, 50 and 100% diammonium phosphate (DAP) in the mineral mixt...

The reconstructed speech quality in a low bit-rate CELP coder is very dependent on the performance of the pitch filter. In this paper, we present an improved pitch filter, a fractional pseudethree-tap pitch synthesis filter, which performs better than a conventional one-tap pitch filter. We discuss the frequency response of the improved pitch filter. We explore stability issues for three-tap pi...

AIMS We sought to demonstrate geometric changes in the tricuspid valve (TV) apparatus after tricuspid annuloplasty (TAP) and to identify predictors of residual tricuspid regurgitation (TR) in patients with functional TR using real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE). METHODS AND RESULTS RT3DE and two-dimensional colour Doppler echocardiography were performed in 59 consecutive pati...

BACKGROUND Transverse abdominis plane (TAP) block can be recommended as a multimodal method to reduce postoperative pain in laparoscopic abdominal surgery. However, it is unclear whether TAP block following local anesthetic infiltration is effective. We planned this study to evaluate the effectiveness of the latter technique in laparoscopic totally extraperitoneal hernia repair (TEP). METHODS...

The tap withdrawal reflex in Caenorhabditis elegans demonstrates various forms of nonassociative learning. A first step in determining the cellular mechanisms of this learning is to identify the neuronal circuitry that underlies this reflex. Studies by Chalfie et al. (1985) have defined the touch-circuit that mediates the response to a stimulus related to tap--a light touch. We used the touch c...