Mood disorders have many forms, from anxiety attacks, depression, Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) to Post Traumatic Disorder (PTSD). Recently, many studies have shown that zinc may act as a crucial neuromodulator in glutamatergic and GABAergic balance. What’s more, growing evidences considered that zinc be a trait marker of mood disorder. It was reported that zinc deficiency induces depress...

CONTEXT Little is known about prevalence rates of DSM-IV disorders across age strata of older adults, including common conditions such as individual and coexisting mood and anxiety disorders. OBJECTIVE To determine nationally representative estimates of 12-month prevalence rates of mood, anxiety, and comorbid mood-anxiety disorders across young-old, mid-old, old-old, and oldest-old community-...

Mood fluctuations are problematic in bipolar disorder. Current approaches to frequent monitoring of mood in bipolar disorder are paper diaries and electronic handheld devices. These approaches are limited in several ways, notably in the reliability of the data being collected which is often retrospectively reported. The experience sampling method offers a research paradigm which could be modifi...

The development ofa 2 l-item self-report inventory for measuring the severity of anxiety in psychiatric populations is described. The initial item pool of 86 items was drawn from three preexisting scales: the Anxiety Checklist, the Physician's Desk Reference Checklist, and the Situational Anxiety Checklist. A series of analyses was used to reduce the item pool. The resulting Beck Anxiety Invent...

This research extends previous research regarding the intellectual functioning of autistic individuals on standardized measures of intelligence (Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised and the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Revised). In Study I 33 individuals with autism who closely fit the DSM-III criteria were studied. Clear evidence was found that differentiates these individuals...

BACKGROUND Recent studies have highlighted the unfavourable natural course of chronic/long-term depression. We investigated the adult mental health outcome of adolescent depression, with specific focus on long-term and episodic adolescent major depression (MD). METHODS A community sample of depressed adolescents and non-depressed peers was followed-up with a structured diagnostic interview af...

This paper reviews concepts of depression, including history and classification. The original broad concept of melancholia included all forms of quiet insanity. The term depression began to appear in the nineteenth century, as did the modern concept of affective disorders, with the core disturbance now viewed as one of mood. The 1980s saw the introduction of defined criteria into official diagn...

INTRODUCTION: Bipolar disorder is a recurring chronic characterized by mood, state, and energy fluctuations. Individuals differ in symptoms, course, severity, response to treatment. It critical know the current knowledge of evolving pharmacological psychological strategies bipolar disorder. 
 Primary Objective: To compare assess prescribing pattern psychotropic agents affective with mania ...

Background Current classification of unipolar depression reflects the idea that prognosis is essential. However, do DSM-categories of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD), Dysthymic Disorder and Double Depression indeed adequately represent clinically relevant course trajectories of unipolar depression? Our aim was to test DSM-categories (MDD, Dysthymic Disorder and Double Depression) in comparison ...

BACKGROUND Dysthimia in adults is a chronic depression disorder which is characterized by a mild depression for at least 2 years. Remarkable psycho-social involvements, greater disturbances in psycho-social functions compared to other forms of depression and lack of definite findings about preferred treatment for this disorder led us to evaluate the effectiveness of Mindfulness based cognitive ...