Abstract. The limited-area ensemble prediction system COSMO-LEPS has been running operationally at ECMWF since November 2002. Five runs of the non-hydrostatic limited-area model Lokal Modell (LM) are available every day, nested on five selected members of three consecutive 12-h lagged ECMWF global ensembles. The limited-area ensemble forecasts range up to 120 h and LM-based probabilistic produc...

Large-scale fires occur frequently across Indonesia, particularly in the southern region of Kalimantan and eastern Sumatra. They have considerable impacts on carbon emissions, haze production, biodiversity, health, and economic activities. In this study, we demonstrate that severe fire and haze events in Indonesia can generally be predicted months in advance using predictions of seasonal rainfa...

New estimates of freshwater discharge from continents were derived using stream-flow records from the world's largest 921 rivers, supplemented with estimates of discharge from unmonitored areas based on the ratios of runoff and drainage area between the unmonitored and monitored regions. The farthest downstream river-flow data were extrapolated to the river mouth using river transport model sim...

metabolomics studies provide useful information about health and disease status. metabolite based investigations on various cancers is a powerful approach to diagnosis, prognosis and therapy of cancer diseases. recently by using advanced analytical techniques such as nmr and ms and its hyphenation methods, global metabolic profiling of diseases has been possible. it is predictable that internat...

In this paper we present the characterization of all the principal meteorological parameters (wind speed and direction, pressure, absolute and potential temperature) extended up to 25 km from the ground and over two years (2003 and 2004) above the Antarctic site of Dome C. The data set is composed by ’analyses’ provided by the General Circulation Model (GCM) of the European Center for Medium We...

This document is partly based on Chapter III of "Dynamics and Modelling of Ocean Waves" by Komen et al, 1994. For more background information on the fundamentals of wave prediction models this book comes highly recommended. Here, after a historical introduction, we will describe the basic evolution equation, including a discussion of the parametrization of the source functions. This is then fol...

Atmospheric dynamics in the tropical regions is dominated by unbalanced motions in response to convective processes, found to vary on many temporal scales from diurnal to inter-seasonal and inter-annual scales. The gravest wave excited by convection is the Kelvin wave and it is characteristics by eastward and upward propagation away from its convective source. As it propagates vertically, a pac...

The performance of the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) model in simulating clouds is evaluated using observations by the Geoscience Laser Altimeter System lidar on the Ice, Cloud, and Land Elevation Satellite (ICESat). To account for lidar attenuation in the comparison, model variables are used to simulate the attenuated backscatter using a lidar forward model. This g...

Numerical weather prediction models as well as the atmosphere itself can be viewed as nonlinear dynamical systems in which the evolution depends sensitively on the initial conditions. The fact that estimates of the current state are inaccurate and that numerical models have inadequacies, leads to forecast errors that grow with increasing forecast lead time. The growth of errors depends on the f...

An important part of the scatterometer wind data processing is the quality control (QC). This report shows the implementation of a new scatterometer QC procedure, based on a comprehensive analysis of the wind inversion residual, which significantly improves the effectiveness of the wind data QC. The method is applied on the Advanced Scatterometer (ASCAT) onboard Metop-A, but is generic and can ...