We investigate the effect of economic conditions on the voting behavior of U.S. Supreme Court Justices. We theorize that Justices are akin to voters in political elections; specifically, we posit that the Justices will view short-term and relatively minor economic downturns—recessions—as attributable to the failures of elected officials, but will consider long-term and extreme economic contract...

N EARLY 1981, a newly inaugurated Ronald Reagan announced an economic plan which included goals of “an immediate, substantial, and sustained reduction in the growth of federal expenditur-es [and] a significant reduction in federal tax rates 1 After two terms in office, it seems time to examine the original Reagan budget plan in light of the actual performance over the 1980s. Althoirgh the budge...

The Concept of Foreign Direct Investment is now a part of India's economic future but the term remains vague to many, despite the profound effects on the economy. Despite the extensive studies on FDI, there has been little illumination forthcoming and it remains a contentious topic. The paper explores the uneven beginnings of FDI, in India and examines the developments (economic and political) ...

Introduction Surface-based approaches have frequently been used to analyse social and economic data. Using approaches such as kernel regression it has been possible to fit continuous surfaces to spatially reference social and economic data, such as house prices. The technique has often proved a useful tool in identifying trends in the data for example one can identify areas of town in which hou...

The coupled space-time attributes of economic phenomena at various scales are difficult to represent and examine. This paper aims to develop a framework that can be used to systematically generate research questions regarding patterns, trends, interactions, and relationships in space-time data, using economic growth data as an example. A taxonomy of methods is then suggested. The cross-fertiliz...

Despite years of research and other activities in society the anthropogenic impact on nature still increase. Eco-design has a potential to reduce this impact, but yet a minority of companies practice it. The aim of this paper is to identify current challenges and trends within eco-design. In addition, the paper further aims to disclose important eco-design related research gaps. Eco-design chal...

more than 12,000 alkaloids are known in plants, mostly used as medicine with a world market value of about 4 billion us$. opium poppy, papaver somniferum, is the most important economic source of morphinane alkaloids such as morphine, codeine, thebaine, narcotine and papaverine that are exploited by the pharmaceutical industry as analgesics, antitussives and anti-spasmodics. with regard to incr...