Epidermal cysts are common skin tumors that are composed of a cyst wall of epidermal cells and central keratin material. They rarely show ossification. A 68-year-old man was referred to our clinic for evaluation of multiple cysts on his left forehead, left cheek and right shoulder. Histopathological examination revealed that all of the cysts were epidermal cysts, and focal ossification was obse...

INTRODUCTION Heterotopic ossification is the abnormal formation of lamellar bone in soft tissue. Its presence jeopardizes functional outcome, impairs rehabilitation and increases costs due to subsequent surgical interventions. CASE PRESENTATION We present a case of a 32-year-old African-American man with trisomy 8 mosaicism who developed severe heterotopic ossification of his right extensor m...

ectopic thyroid tissue (ett) is a rare entity and a challenging differential diagnosis. this is a report of a case of a mediastinal mass that was found to be an ectopic mediastinal thyroid tissue, in a 77-year-old woman who was admitted to our hospital for breast cancer management. the mediastinal mass was identified in the postsurgical computed tomography (ct) scan of the chest and was suspect...

We investigated the relationship between fetal body weight at term (pregnancy day 21) and the extent of ossification of sternum, metacarpus, metatarsus, phalanges (proximal, medial and distal) of fore- and hindlimbs and cervical and coccygeal vertebrae in Wistar rats. The relationships between fetal body weight and sex, intrauterine position, uterine horn, horn size, and litter size were determ...

Partial or complete mole affects one in 1000  pregnancies.Partial mole is a rare form of ectopic pregnancy. There was a married woman,gravid 4,parity 1,abortion 1,and she had past medical history 0f right ectopic pregnancy.she had left ectopic pregnancy and was treated by laparascopic left salpyngectomy after failure of intramascular methotrexate treatment.After surgery  the pathology exam show...

RATIONALE Retrograde femoral nailing was one of the most important treatment means for distal femoral shaft fracture. However, studies regarding heterotopic ossification of the patellar tendon after retrograde intramedullary nailing for distal femoral shaft fracture are limited. We herein present a rare complication, namely heterotopic ossification of the patellar tendon, after retrograde intra...

We propose a biochemical model describing the formation of primary spongiosa architecture through a bioregulatory model by metalloproteinase 13 (MMP13) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). It is assumed that MMP13 regulates cartilage degradation and the VEGF allows vascularization and advances in the ossification front through the presence of osteoblasts. The coupling of this set of m...

Background: IL-6 is a proinflammatory and immunoregulatory cytokine to be very high in endometriosis and pelvic inflammatory disease, which are known risk factors for ectopic pregnancy(EP). The effects of IL-6 on target cells occur via the formation of a high-affinity complex with IL-6Ra that expressed in the cilia of the epithelial cells. In the present study,we compared expression of IL-6Ra i...

Heterotopic ossification associated with neurologic injury, or neurogenic heterotopic ossification, tends to form at major synovial joints surrounded by spastic muscles. It is commonly associated with traumatic brain or spinal cord injury and with other causes of upper motor neuron lesions. Heterotopic ossification can result in a variety of complications, including nerve impingement, joint ank...