Neuromodulation therapies, which electrically stimulate parts of the nervous system, have traditionally attempted to activate neurons or axons to restore function or alleviate disease symptoms. In stark contrast to this approach is inhibiting neural activity to relieve disease symptoms and/or restore homeostasis. One potential approach is kilohertz electrical stimulation (KES) of peripheral ner...

BiCuOS, which is isostructural to the layered rare-earth oxysulfides LnCuOS (Ln = La-Eu), was synthesized by a single-step hydrothermal reaction at low temperature (250 degrees C) and pressure (<20 atm). Particular emphasis is placed on how the selection of the proper reaction conditions, such as temperature and pH, achieves a mutual high solubility of the metal-oxide reactants, Bi2O3 and Cu2O,...

This study explores the hypothesis that combining the minimally invasive surgical techniques of cryosurgery and pulsed electric fields will eliminate some of the major disadvantages of these techniques while retaining their advantages. Cryosurgery, tissue ablation by freezing, is a well-established minimally invasive surgical technique. One disadvantage of cryosurgery concerns the mechanism of ...

1. The SS 1 fatigues in response to repetitive electrical stimulation. This fatigue is manifested by an increased conduction delay and a decreased SS 1 pulse amplitude. 2. Continued repetitive stimulation leads to the failure of the system. Recovery may take many seconds. Narrow strips of column fail more rapidly than wide strips. 3. The increased conduction delay is explained in terms of a dec...

BACKGROUND This study determined whether dispersion of conduction velocity, refractoriness, or excitability increases biphasic shock defibrillation energy requirements (DERs). METHODS AND RESULTS Twenty-four swine were instrumented with a mid-LAD perfusion catheter for regional infusion of lidocaine 0.75 mg. kg(-1). h(-1) (n=7), low-dose d-sotalol (0.16 mg. kg(-1). h(-1)) (n=4), high-dose d-s...

AIM Cardiac tissue deformation can modify tissue resistance, membrane capacitance and ion currents and hence cause arrhythmogenic slow conduction. Our aim was to investigate whether uniaxial strain causes different changes in conduction velocity (θ) when the principal strain axis is parallel vs perpendicular to impulse propagation. METHODS Cardiomyocyte strands were cultured on stretchable cu...

We report the electrical and optical studies of thin films of a-Ga(x)Se(100-x) nanorods (x = 3, 6, 9 and 12). Thin films of a-Ga(x)Se(100-x) nanorods have been synthesized thermal evaporation technique. DC electrical conductivity of deposited thin films of a-Ga(x)Se(100-x) nanorods is measured as a function of temperature range from 298 to 383 K. An exponential increase in the dc conductivity i...

OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to analyze corticospinal function in patients with compressive cervical myelopathy and to elucidate the mechanism underlying its prolonged central motor conduction time (CMCT). METHODS Motor evoked potentials following transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and peripheral conduction time in the ulnar and tibial nerves following electrical stimulation...

Two liquid membrane oscillators composed of aqueous solutions containing cetyltrimethylammonium chloride (CTACl) and alcohol, W1 and W1', a nitrobenzene solution containing picric acid, O, and pure water phase, W2, were connected through O and W2 as common phases. Two glass tubes including W1 and W1' were inserted into the O/W2 interface. Both membrane potential differences between W1 and W2 ...

Carbon nanotubes are ideal scaffolds for designing and architecting flexible graphite films with tunable mechanical, electrical and thermal properties. Herein, we demonstrate that the assembly of aligned carbon nanotubes with different aggregation density and morphology leads to different mechanical properties and anisotropic electrical conduction along the films. Using drying evaporation under...