The phase behavior of chargeand size-asymmetric primitive model electrolytes has been investigated using reservoir grand canonical Monte Carlo simulations. The simulations rely on the insertion and removal of neutral ion clusters from a reservoir of possible configurations. We first validated our approach by investigating the effect of Rc , the maximum allowable distance between the central cat...

The use of samarium-doped ceria (SDC) electrolytes in SOFCs (solid oxide fuel cells) lowers the open circuit voltage (OCV) below the Nernst voltage (Vth), which is obtained using yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) electrolytes. The OCV is classically calculated with Wagner’s equation. However, using SDC electrolytes requires both qualitative and quantitative experimental verification of leakage c...

This comparative work studies the self-enforcing heterogeneity of lithium deposition and dissolution as the cause for dendrite formation on the lithium metal anode in various liquid organic solvent based electrolytes. In addition, the ongoing lithium corrosion, its rate and thus the passivating quality of the SEI are investigated in self-discharge measurements. The behavior of the lithium anode...

Supercapacitors are energy storage devices designed to operate at higher power densities than conventional batteries, but their energy density is still too low for many applications. Efforts are made to design new electrolytes with wider electrochemical windows than aqueous or conventional organic electrolytes in order to increase energy density. Ionic liquids (ILs) with wide electrochemical st...

Despite the large number of studies on the behavior of LiCoO2 in organic electrolytes and its recent application as a positive electrode in rechargeable water battery prototypes, a little information is available about the lithium intercalation reaction in this layered compound in aqueous electrolytes. This work shows that LiCoO2 electrodes can be reversibly cycled in LiNO3 aqueous electrolytes...

Today, lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are ubiquitous in mobile phones, laptops, and other portable devices. The research community strives to further improve the LIB to increase electric driving distance and efficiency of both hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) and fully electric vehicles (EVs). Conventional LIBs need to be strictly temperature controlled, most often cooled, to ca. 30°C, to ensure a...

Solid-state electrolytes provide substantial improvements to safety and electrochemical stability in lithium-ion batteries when compared with conventional liquid electrolytes, which makes them a promising alternative technology for next-generation high-energy batteries. Currently, the low mobility of lithium ions in solid electrolytes limits their practical application. The ongoing research ove...

Solutions of a wide variety of electrolytes, isotonic with liver or with kidney tissue, have approximately the same osmotic pressure as solutions of sodium chloride isotonic with tissues of the two organs respectively; that is, with solutions approximately twice as concentrated as the sodium chloride of mammalian blood plasma. The molar concentration of various electrolytes isotonic with liver ...

TO INCLUDE a discussion of the regulation of total body water and electrolytes in such a symposium OIn the cardiovascular system at first glanee may require some justification. It should be quickly apparent, however, that the total body fluids and the circulatory system are so intimately interrelated that consideration of one without the other would be quite incomplete. Part of the body fluids,...

The roles of interfaces in either blocking or enhancing ionic conduction in various types of solid electrolytes, including lithium, sodium, oxygen and other types of ion conductors as well as proton conductors, are critically reviewed. Two important fundamental interfacial phenomena, namely the formation of space charges and two-dimensional interfacial phases (complexions), can markedly alter i...