The mental health evaluation of the patient requesting physicianassisted death (PAD) has two goals, often written into laws that permit PAD. One goal is to ensure that the patient does not have a potentially treatable mental disorder influencing the decision to hasten death. Most discussions of relevant mental disorders point to the roles of anxiety and depression, particularly major depressive...

OBJECTIVES Symptomatic peripheral arterial disease (PAD) results in significant gait impairment. In an attempt to fully delineate and quantify these gait alterations, we analyzed joint kinematics, torques (rotational forces), and powers (rotational forces times angular velocity) in patients with PAD with unilateral claudication for both the affected and nonaffected legs. METHODS Twelve patien...

introduction: a major concern of human being is accumulation and toxicity of heavy metals in their body. copper is a heavy metal ion that in concentration of 2 mg/l can cause numerous complications. different treatment methods have been proposed for removing metals from contaminated water by researchers. among these methods, sorption seems a better method with high removal efficiency. in this s...

AIM Both vascular function and structure are independent predictors of cardiovascular events. The purpose of this study was to evaluate vascular function and structure of a leg artery in patients with peripheral artery disease (PAD). METHODS We measured flow-mediated vasodilatation (FMD) and nitroglycerine-induced vasodilation (NID) as indices of vascular function and intima-media thickness (...

BACKGROUND Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is a severe atherosclerotic condition frequently accompanied by inflammation and oxidative stress. We hypothesized that vitamin C antioxidant levels might be low in PAD and are related to inflammation and disease severity. METHODS AND RESULTS We investigated vitamin C (L-ascorbic acid) levels in 85 PAD patients, 106 hypertensives without PAD, and 1...

Pain, agitation, and delirium (PAD) are common in critically ill patients. Consequently, analgesic and sedative medications are frequently administered to critically ill patients to treat PAD, to improve synchrony with mechanical ventilation, and to decrease the physiological stress response. However, prolonged, continuous deep sedation of intensive care unit (ICU) patients is associated with n...

OBJECTIVE To survey amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) health care providers to determine attitudes regarding physician-assisted death (PAD) after the Supreme Court of Canada (SCC) invalidated the Criminal Code provisions that prohibit PAD in February 2015. METHODS We conducted a Canada-wide survey of physicians and allied health professionals (AHP) involved in the care of patients with ALS ...

BACKGROUND Some peripheral artery disease (PAD) patients have normal ankle brachial index (ABI) (0.9 - 1.4), although ABI is a useful parameter for the diagnosis of PAD. We investigated whether other parameters of ABI report sheet are useful to detect these patients. METHODS We initially enrolled 3,912 patients (7,824 limbs) who underwent ABI for the first time. Subjects who have normal ABI w...

Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is a common manifestation of systemic atherosclerosis and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. The prevalence of PAD in the developed world is approximately 12% among adult population, which is age-dependent and with men being affected slightly more than women. Despite the strikingly high prevalence of PAD, the disease is underdiagnosed. Surp...

Techniques to measure the deformation of finger pad when rubbing material surfaces are important for the analysis of textural sensations and development of tactile texture displays. However, such measurements are difficult because when the finger pad is in contact with the material surfaces, it is not exposed for measurement. We developed a technique to estimate finger pad shear deformation by ...