نتایج جستجو برای: eliza avidity
تعداد نتایج: 3917 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
It was recently shown that perceiving the avidity of T cell activation can be translated into peripheral T cell regulation to control autoimmune disease. This regulation is achieved by CD8(+) T cells that recognize a common surrogate target structure, Qa-1/Hsp60sp, preferentially expressed by activated T cells of intermediate but not high avidity. A truncated self-reactive repertoire, devoid of...
Determination of antibody avidity measurements can be difficult in human serum depending on the population evaluated. We evaluated three approaches for the determination of antibody avidity for immunoglobulin G (IgG). These approaches were (i) elution of bound antibody with increasing concentrations of a chaotropic agent using a single serum dilution, (ii) binding interference of multiple serum...
Effective T cell responses can decisively influence the outcome of retroviral infection. However, what constitutes protective T cell responses or determines the ability of the host to mount such responses is incompletely understood. Here we studied the requirements for development and induction of CD4+ T cells that were essential for immunity to Friend virus (FV) infection of mice, according to...
The dissemination of HIV from an initial site of infection is facilitated by motile HIV-infected CD4(+) T-cells. However, the impact of infected target cell migration on antigen recognition by HIV-specific CD8(+) T-cells is unclear. Using a 3D in vitro model of tissue, we visualized dynamic interactions between HIV-infected or peptide-pulsed CD4(+) T-cells and HIV-specific CD8(+) T-cells. CTLs ...
Mutant H5N1 influenza viruses have been isolated from humans that have increased human receptor avidity. We have compared the receptor binding properties of these mutants with those of wild-type viruses, and determined the structures of their haemagglutinins in complex with receptor analogues. Mutants from Vietnam bind tighter to human receptor by acquiring basic residues near the receptor bind...
The measurement of the avidity of cytomegalovirus (CMV) immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies has been shown by several investigators to be useful in identifying and excluding primary CMV infections in pregnant women. In this work, we examined the diagnostic utility of reflex testing of CMV IgM-positive specimens from pregnant women by using a CMV IgG avidity assay. The utility of this approach was...
Improving the functional avidity of effector T cells is critical in overcoming inhibitory factors within the tumor microenvironment and eliciting tumor regression. We have found that Cish, a member of the suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS) family, is induced by TCR stimulation in CD8(+) T cells and inhibits their functional avidity against tumors. Genetic deletion of Cish in CD8(+) T cells...
Previous experiments have shown that whereas a secondary in vitro Kunjin-immune cytotoxic T (Tc) cell population lysed equally well targets infected with either native flavivirus or a recombinant vaccinia virus expressing the immunodominant determinant, primary in vivo Kunjin-immune Tc cells were able to lyse only the recombinant vaccinia virus-infected targets. Using CD8 blockade to assess the...
Rapid antigenic evolution in the influenza A virus hemagglutinin precludes effective vaccination with existing vaccines. To understand this phenomenon, we passaged virus in mice immunized with influenza vaccine. Neutralizing antibodies selected mutants with single-amino acid hemagglutinin substitutions that increased virus binding to cell surface glycan receptors. Passaging these high-avidity b...
We assessed the performance of the ARCHITECT Toxo IgG, IgM, and IgG Avidity assays against corresponding assays on AxSYM and Vidas using 730 sera from pregnant women. The ARCHITECT Toxo IgG and IgM assays showed a relative sensitivity of 97.5% and 89.9% and a relative specificity of 99.1% and 99.8%, respectively. If IgM sensitivity is calculated only for sera drawn less than 4 months after infe...
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