HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of scientific research documents, whether they are published or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers. L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau...

Natural focal diseases are caused by biological agents associated withspecific landscapes. The natural focus of such diseases is defined as anynatural ecosystem containing the pathogen’s population as an essentialcomponent. In such context, the agent circulates independently on humanpresence, and humans may become accidentally infected through contact with vectors or reservoirs....

Avian influenza A H5N1 continues to be a major threat to global public health as it is a likely candidate for the next influenza pandemic. To protect public health and avert potential disruption to the economy, the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Government has committed substantial effort in preparedness for avian and pandemic influenza. Public health infrastructures for emerging infec...

1Dr, Associate Professor; PhD in Molecular Microbiology, Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran 2Dr., Research Associate, Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran 3Dr, Research Associate, Microbiology Group, Department of Pathobiology, School of Public Health, T...

Lead contamination in the drinking water of a US Rust Belt city seems to have little in common with a mosquito-borne viral outbreak creating global infectious disease concern. However, the water crisis in Flint, Michigan, has important similarities to the Zika virus in South America, relevant to the field of disaster medicine and public health preparedness. As we face emerging infectious diseas...

Over the past three years, cross-border inflows into emerging market (EM) local currency bonds have surged. The returns on these bonds have moved more closely with those on international assets regarded as “safe”, particularly following the euro area debt crisis. This paper first demonstrates that domestic factors have tended to dictate the dynamics of the EM local currency government yield. Th...

In discussing the threat of bioterrorism, planning, coordination, and preparedness are recurrent themes. State and local planning are of particular concern to me, having served as a local health officer and as health commissioner in New York City during the World Trade Center bombing. I have no doubts that the threat of terrorism within our borders is real. And several years later, when the sar...

Most emerging infectious diseases are zoonoses originating from wildlife among which vector-borne diseases constitute a major risk for global human health. Understanding the transmission routes of mosquito-borne pathogens in wildlife crucially depends on recording mosquito blood-feeding patterns. During an extensive longitudinal survey to study sylvatic anophelines in two wildlife reserves in G...

The Fifth Vaccine Renaissance took place in Providence Rhode Island in October 2011. This annual conference celebrates regional vaccine research and provides vaccine developers with an important opportunity to present their work to others who might be in slightly different fields, enabling the development of cross-disciplinary collaborations. Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics has been a media...