The ultrastructural changes in the intestinal absorptive cells of the rat during the absorption of triglycerides, Particularly medium chain triglyceride (MCT), were studied by electron microscopy. In the absorptive cell of rats fed with MCT, the agranular endoplasmic reticulum in tubular form was remarkably proliferated throughout the cytoplasm as compared with that of fasting rats. The granula...

Endoplasmic reticulum stress is related to metabolic disorders, including atherosclerosis and type 2 diabetes. It is known that inflammatory adipocytokines and oxidative stress are increased, while anti-inflammatory adipocytokines such as adiponectin are decreased in adipocytes during above conditions. Extracellular-superoxide dismutase is an anti-inflammatory enzyme that protects cells from ox...

The changes occurring in rat hepatocytes during a 5 day period of treatment with phenobarbital were determined by morphometric and biochemical methods, particular attention being paid to the endoplasmic reticulum . The hepatocytic cytoplasm played an overwhelming part in the liver hypertrophy, while the hepatocytic nuclei contributed to only a moderate extent . The endoplasmic reticulum account...

PURPOSE Rac3 plays an important role in regulating tumorigenesis. Autophagy plays a vital role in tumorigenesis and tumor progression. The relationship between the two remains unclear. The objective of the present study was to determine the specific molecular mechanism of intracellular Rac3 in regulating autophagy and reveal the relationship between tumor cell autophagy and apoptosis. METHODS...

The early literature on the origin of yolk contains numerous studies which assert that a close morphological relationship exists between the developing yolk masses and certain cellular organelles. The nucleus, mitochondria, Golgi material, and ergastoplasm have all, at one time or other, been implicated in the synthesis of yolk and of other types of secretion as well (@ Bowen, 2; Wilson, 12). T...

Doxorubicin (DOX) is a highly potent chemotherapeutic agent, but its usage is limited by dose-dependent cardiotoxicity. DOX-induced cardiotoxicity involves increased oxidative stress and activated endoplasmic reticulum-mediated apoptosis. Alginate oligosaccharide (AOS) is a non-immunogenic, non-toxic and biodegradable polymer, with anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory and anti-endoplasmic reticulu...

BACKGROUND/AIMS Melatonin, which is mainly secreted by the pineal gland and released into blood, has anti-inflammatory properties in acute pancreatitis. Many studies show that melatonin can relieve inflammation in taurocholate-induced acute pancreatitis. However, the mechanisms of its anti-inflammatory effects are still undefined, especially the relationship between melatonin and endoplasmic re...

Nuclear envelopes are separated into pore-lamina and membrane sub-fractions by extraction in 2.0% Triton X-100 followed by pelleting of the pore-laminae. The polypeptides of these subfractions are then compared with those from isolated rough endoplasmic reticulum. The dispositions of individual polypeptides in the cytoplasmic surface of nuclear envelopes and rought endoplasmic reticulum were st...

Erythropoietic cells of 5 species, including man, contain endoplasmic reticulum present as individual cisternae or tubules scattered throughout the cytoplasm of all stages except mature RBCs. The endoplasmic reticulum is mainly agranular but occurs frequently as a variant of granular ER which is characterized by an asymmetrical and irregular distribution of ribosomes along one cytoplasmic face....

The dependence of cytoplasmic membranes upon the nucleus was studied by examining enucleated amebae with the electron microscope at intervals up to 1 wk after enucleation. Amebae were cut into two approximately equal parts, and the fine structure of the enucleated portions was compared with that of the nucleated parts and starved whole cells which had been maintained under the same conditions. ...