نتایج جستجو برای: endosymbiosis
تعداد نتایج: 669 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
The eukaryotic nucleus is a unique structure. Because it lacks an obvious homologue or precursor among prokaryotes, ideas about its evolutionary origin are diverse. Current attempts to derive the nuclear membrane focus on invaginations of the plasma membrane in a prokaryote, endosymbiosis of an archaebacterium within a eubacterial host, or the origin of a genuinely new membrane system following...
We searched and analyzed cyanobacteria-originated metazoa/fungi proteins (COPs) by phylogenetic analyses. Analysis of them showed that for millions of years universal plastid endosymbiosis and gene transfer occurred in ancestors of metazoa/fungi, and some transferred fragments have been reserved until now even in modern mammals. Most eukaryotes contained plastids in the ancient era, and some of...
Algae and plants are the dominant primary producers on our planet and define an evolutionarily diverse group of taxa (Graham and Wilcox 2000). Despite their importance, dating algal origin is frustrated by a limited fossil record (Knoll 1992). Recent molecular phylogenetic trees place algae near the base of the eukaryotic tree of life (e.g., Baldauf et al. 2000, 2003; Nozaki et al. 2003). This ...
Protozoan parasites of the phylum Apicomplexa contain three genetic elements: the nuclear and mitochondrial genomes characteristic of virtually all eukaryotic cells and a 35-kilobase circular extrachromosomal DNA. In situ hybridization techniques were used to localize the 35-kilobase DNA of Toxoplasma gondii to a discrete organelle surrounded by four membranes. Phylogenetic analysis of the tufA...
Chromist algae (stramenopiles, cryptophytes, and haptophytes) are major contributors to marine primary productivity. These eukaryotes acquired their plastid via secondary endosymbiosis, whereby an early-diverging red alga was engulfed by a protist and the plastid was retained and its associated nuclear-encoded genes were transferred to the host genome. Current data suggest, however, that chromi...
We analyzed nuclear-localized plastid-like DNA (nupDNA) fragments in protozoa, metazoa and fungi. Most eukaryotes that do not have plastids contain 40-5000 bp nupDNAs in their nuclear genomes. These nupDNA fragments are mainly derived from repeated regions of plastids and distribute through the whole genomes. A majority of nupDNA fragments is located on coding regions with very important functi...
Diatoms are unicellular algae with plastids acquired by secondary endosymbiosis. They are responsible for approximately 20% of global carbon fixation. We report the 34 million-base pair draft nuclear genome of the marine diatom Thalassiosira pseudonana and its 129 thousand-base pair plastid and 44 thousand-base pair mitochondrial genomes. Sequence and optical restriction mapping revealed 24 dip...
A recommendation of: Alejandro Manzano-Marín, Armelle Coeur d'acier, Anne-Laure Clamens, Corinne Cruaud, Valérie Barbe, Emmanuelle Jousselin Co-obligate symbioses have repeatedly evolved across aphids, but partner identity and nutritional contributions vary lineages https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.08.28.505559
Protist genomes: a strange brew of broken rules. P. KEELING, Department of Botany, University of British, Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada. By nearly all criteria, protists make up the great majority of eukaryotic diversity. This is well illustrated at the level of the genome, where protists have broken just about every rule we think we know about genome form, content, and function. I will exami...
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