We propose expected policy gradients (EPG), which unify stochastic policy gradients (SPG) and deterministic policy gradients (DPG) for reinforcement learning. Inspired by expected sarsa, EPG integrates across the action when estimating the gradient, instead of relying only on the action in the sampled trajectory. We establish a new general policy gradient theorem, of which the stochastic and de...

Following a previous study using locus equation (LE) and electropalatographic (EPG) data to examine coarticulation of voiced consonants and vowels in CV syllables [1], the present study examines voiceless stops and fricatives using the same analysis techniques. It is found that when LE data for stops is sampled at the stop burst, rather than at vowel onset, the correlation between LE data on co...

Systems Engineering is a discipline that never stops growing. Systems Engineers are just like students or life-long learners who have to keep themselves up to date with new best propositions. With recent additions of novel concepts in systems engineering such as Social Networking concepts, Value-Based Requirements Prioritization, and Program Model, it is often challenging to translate these con...

Visual biofeedback tools, such as Electropalatography (EPG), are recommended for assessing and treating speech sound disorders (SSDs) associated with Cleft Palate (CP). However, EPG is not suitable for all clients, due to dependencies on stable dentition and timing of palatal repair. Ultrasound is becoming increasingly popular for its use in treating SSDs, with no reports on its dependency on s...

The present study was designed to determine the prevalence of intestinal parasites in ruminants. A total 124 fecal samples from ruminants (92 large – cattle, buffalo and 32 small ruminants- goat sheep) were collected Gabtoli cattle market Keraniganj, Dhaka May September 2017. Formol ether concentration technique used process samples. Among ruminants, maximum shown by Entamoeba sp. among protozo...

Pigeons are omnipresent birds which belong to the order, Columbiformes and cover a large part of every town city, worldwide. Among parasites pigeons, Capillaria is found be more prevalent in them after Eimeria. These worms penetrate deeply intestinal mucosa leading haemorrhages epithelial necrosis thereby presenting clinical disease death occurs if left untreated. The major purpose this study w...

The Energy Performance Gap (EPG) is a phenomenon that both can be encountered in new and refurbished buildings potentially jeopardises the effort of making more sustainable. Often, are affected by generic “performance gap”, meaning that, beside EPG, also comfort delivered to occupants not as requested. In this work, we present Human-in-the-Loop (HuiL) approach control buildings. We developed mo...

BACKGROUND Sustaining high uptake of praziquantel is key for long-term control of schistosomiasis. During mass treatment in 2013, we randomized 12 primary schools into two groups; one group received education messages for schistosomiasis prevention for two months prior to mass treatment, while the other, in addition to the education messages, received a pre-treatment snack shortly before mass t...

This paper describes a system for the acquisition, real-time synchronization and analysis of acoustic, electropalatographic (EPG) and ultrasonographic (UTI) data. Simultaneous data on linguo-palatal contact and tongue sagittal profiles are captured for rhotic consonants produced by a native speaker of Italian. Three anterior variants of /r/ ([ɾ], [ɹ̝] and [ɹ]) are shown to be realized with an ap...

Abstract This study examined the gastrointestinal parasitological status of three endangered Sub-Saharan antelope species ( Addax nasomaculatus , Oryx dammah Gazella dorcas ) hosted at Souss-Massa National Park in Morocco. A total 254 faecal samples (80 from addax population, 81 oryx population and 93 population) were analysed to determine prevalence intensity parasites host faeces (expressed a...