Using a quantitative real-time RT-PCR technique we have compared the expression of a number of genes in two different human breast cancer model systems for development of acquired resistance to antiestrogens. The model system developed at the Danish Cancer Society comprises the cell lines MCF-7, MCF-7/TAMR-1, MCF-7/182R-6 and MCF-7/182R-7, and the model system developed at the Lombardi Cancer R...

The effects of sex hormones on the heart are dependent on the presence and distribution of sex steroid hormone receptors (SSHR) in cardiac tissue. This study used subcellular fractionation, Western blot analysis and densitometry to characterize the subcellular distribution and abundance of estrogen receptor (ER) alpha, ERbeta and androgen receptor (AR) in atrial and ventricular tissue from male...

MIcHIo MOTOHASHI AND MASAO NISHIKAWA. Conformational Analysis of Beta2-Adrenoceptor-Stimulating Agents 22 THOMAS N. LAVIN, BRIAN B. HOFFMAN, AND ROBERT J. LEFKOWITZ. Determination of Subtype Selectivity of Alpha-Adrenergic Antagonists: Comparison of Selective and Nonselective Radioligands 28 w. POWELL-JONES, S. RAEFORD, AND G. W. LUCIER. Binding Properties of Zearalenone Mycotoxins to Hepatic E...

pigment epithelium-derived factor (pedf) is a glycoprotein that belongs to the family of non-inhibitory serpins. the broad spectrum of pedf biological activity is evident when considering its effects in promoting cell survival and proliferation, as well as its antiangiogenic, antitumor, and anti-metastatic properties. although the structural domains of the pedf gene that mediate such diverse ef...

Abstract Introduction Infertility is the incapability to achieve fertilization after a certain period following sexual intercourse without any contraceptive measures which affects 1 in 6 couples. Male factors contribute 50%. The male reproductive system affected by both environmental and genetic factors. Genetics variations include chromosomal aberrations, genomic and/or mitochondrial single ge...

Sunscreen products are predominantly regulated as over-the-counter (OTC) drugs by the US FDA. The "active" ingredients function as ultraviolet filters. Once a sunscreen product is generally recognized as safe and effective (GRASE) via an OTC drug review process, new formulations using these ingredients do not require FDA review and approval, however, the majority of ingredients have never been ...

Besides their well-established actions on reproductive functions, estrogens exert a variety of actions on many regions of the nervous system that influence higher cognitive function, pain mechanisms, fine motor skills, mood, and susceptibility to seizures; they also appear to have neuroprotective actions in relation to stroke damage and Alzheimer's disease. Estrogen actions are now recognized t...

Introduction: 17β-Estradiol is a neuroactive steroid and its pain modulatory role has been well studied previously. 17β-Estradiol modulates nociception by binding to its receptors and also by allosteric interaction with other membrane - bound receptors such as glutamate and GABAA receptors. Paragigantocellularis lateralis (LPGi) is also involved in pain modulation and perception, in addition...

Cytochrome P450 enzymes that metabolize estrogens are expressed in the mammary gland, uterus, brain and other target tissues for estrogen action, and this results in the formation of hydroxylated estrogens in these tissues. Estradiol metabolites formed in target tissues at or near estrogen receptors may either be inactive or have important biological effects, and changes in the activities of es...

Neuropeptide Y (NPY) and agouti-related peptide (AgRP) stimulate feeding, whereas NPY also facilitates the estrogen-mediated preovulatory GnRH surge. In addition to regulating reproductive function, estrogen also acts as an anorexigenic hormone, although it is not yet known which hypothalamic neurons are involved in this process. We hypothesize that estrogen may directly control hypothalamic NP...