BACKGROUND Biofilm accumulates within the endotracheal tube (ETT) early after intubation. Contaminated secretions in the ETT are associated with increased risk for microbial dissemination in the distal airways and increased resistance to airflow. We evaluated the effectiveness of micro computed tomography (MicroCT) for the quantification of ETT inner volume reduction in critically ill patients....

BACKGROUND To prevent endotracheal tube (ETT)-related complications during mechanical ventilation, ETT cuff pressure should be kept within proper range. In clinical settings, cuff pressure often decreases from target values. METHODS We performed an experimental study to investigate the effects of measuring devices and endotracheal tubes on change in cuff pressure. We continuously measured cuf...

It is well known that the primary function of a tooth is mastication. However, tooth fracture remains a major complication in endodontically-treated teeth. When the normal structure of a tooth is compromised by traumatic injuries, endodontic treatment remains the most viable option to maintain the tooth. However, endodontically treated teeth (ETT) exhibit greater brittleness and are more prone ...

OBJECTIVE Knowledge of accurate airway length (AL) enables safer placement of the endotracheal tube (ETT) in the trachea. Our objective was to check the safety of a new formula (Touch and Read method) to determine ETT depth. METHODS AL was measured in 176 patients. Patients were divided into a normal group (AL >25 cm in men, >23 cm in women) and a risk group (AL ≤25 cm in men, ≤23cm in women)...

BACKGROUND A biofilm is found on the inner side of endotracheal tubes (ETT) in mechanically ventilated patients, but its features and role in pneumonia remain unclear. METHODS This prospective, observational, monocentric study included critically ill ventilated subjects. Measurement of the ETT inner volume was first performed before extubation using the acoustic reflection method. After extub...

BACKGROUND Positive pressure resuscitation by laryngeal mask airway (LMA) may expose the neonate to gas leak and gastric air insufflation, influencing postnatal gastrointestinal adaptation and breastfeeding success. METHODS Term neonates admitted to regular nursery of the Department of Pediatrics of Padua University (Italy), from January 2005 to December 2005, after positive pressure resuscit...

BACKGROUND Aspiration of colonized oropharyngeal secretions is a major factor in the pathogenesis of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP). A tapered-cuff endotracheal tube (ETT) has been demonstrated to reduce aspiration around the cuff. Whether these properties are efficacious in reducing VAP is not known. METHODS This 2-period, investigator-initiated observational study was designed to ass...

Background: Epitheloid trophoblast tumor (ETT) is a tenuous type of gestational trophoblastic disease. Although clinically ETT behave in variable fashion, it is considered as a potentially malignant tumor, fatal malignancy occurs in 10% of the cases. Case and Conclusion: A 41 years old patient, who previously underwent Tompkins operation because of congenital uterine septum was admitted to our ...

US have a promising alternative mean for quick confirmation of the ETT placement. However, small and few studies have shown that the sensitivity of this tool to accurately assess the ETT placement relative to chest XR or capnography is approximately 91-100%. The overall accuracy of this method is very interesting as it reaches 89-98% in some studies. An additional advantage of this method as su...

Members of the KANADI gene family in Arabidopsis thaliana regulate abaxial identity and laminar growth of lateral organs. Promoter APETALA3-mediated ectopic expression of KANADI restricts petal expansion and was used in a genetic screen for factors involved in KANADI-mediated signaling. Through this screen, mutations in ETTIN (ETT; also known as Auxin Response Factor3 [ARF3]) were isolated as s...