Nanoparticles of carbon black in cigarette smoke trigger inflammation in the lung.

© 2016 Kwan and Mafe. This work is published by Dove Medical Press Limited, and licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License. The full terms of the License are available at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The license permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. 2016 Kwan and Mafe. This work is...

In This Issue In This Issue Rafts and the evil amyloids ipid rafts are bad news for those with Alzheimer's disease (AD). On page 113, Ehehalt et al. show that formation of the ␤-amyloid peptide (A ␤), which is tightly linked to AD, depends on the raft association of one of its creators. The creating enzyme is ␤-secretase, which cleaves the amyloid precursor protein (APP) to release a product th...

We search for an unusual alignment of the preferred axes of the quadrupole and octopole, the so-called axis of evil, in the CMB temperature and polarization data from WMAP. We split the temperature and polarization maps into a part correlated with the respective other map, and a part uncorrelated with that. We then determine the preferred axes for the quadrupole and octopole in all four of thos...

Relying on Adam Smith's concept of the "invisible hand," every economist can explain how markets react to individual economic power. Markets shape and reshape themselves to neutralize self-interested economic power by coaxing it into channels that serve the public good. But economists have devoted less attention to analyzing how markets systematically counteract coalitions of individuals' polit...

Stewart Cohen’s (1984) New Evil Demon argument raises familiar and widely discussed concerns for reliabilist accounts of epistemic justification. A now standard response to this argument, initiated by Alvin Goldman (1988) and Ernest Sosa (1993; 2001), involves distinguishing different notions of justification. Juan Comesaña (2002; 2010) has recently and prominently claimed that his Indexical Re...

OBJECTIVES To evaluate the King Saud University Continuing Professional Development (CPD) Program for Family Physicians in relation to the Convenience, Relevance, Individualization, Self-Assessment, Interest, Speculation and Systematic (CRISIS) criteria. METHODOLOGY A descriptive study was conducted at King Saud University (KSU) in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. The authors used the six strategies of ...