On-chip transformation of Escherichia coli cells was accomplished for the first time using a microbial array chip. The continuous E. coli transformation procedures were performed on a chip in which the microcompartment was composed of PDMS microfluidic channels and a silicon substrate predeposited with different plasmid DNAs. The PDMS microfluidic device enabled the parallel transformation of E...

Staling of bread is cause of significant product waste in the world. We 26 reviewed the literature of last 10 years with the aim to give an up-to-date overview on 27 processing/storage parameters, antistaling ingredients, sourdough technology, and 28 measurement methods of the staling phenomenon. Many researchers have been focusing their 29 interest on the selection of ingredients able to retar...

The tinting strength of the pigments used to colour concrete products such as pavers and roof tiles is of particular significance. Pigments with high tinting strength will create a more intense colour than those with lower tinting strength, even if the same quantities are used. This means that smaller amounts of the pigments with high tinting strength are needed to create a certain colour inten...

An automated assay suitable for estimating urinary oestrogens in pregnant women has been investigated. Fluorimetry was found to have considerable advantages over colorimetry. The fluorimetric assay was simpler, more precise, more sensitive, and eliminated the need for correction for non-specific chromogens; in the assay of oestriol in pregnant women there was no need for correction for non-spec...

New liquid-crystalline materials with a perhydroazulene core were synthesized and the stereochemistry of these compounds was investigated. The mesomorphic properties of the new LC compounds were investigated by differential scanning colorimetry, polarizing optical microscopy and X-ray diffraction. We report here on the LC properties of nonchiral materials, which predominantly exhibit smectic ph...

To assess the effects of functional protein on osteoblast, Large quantity of high-purity osteoblasts had been cultivated successfully by adopting sequential enzyme digestion. The growth curve of osteoblasts was protracted by cell counting. Proliferation of osteoblasts was assessed by MTT colorimetry. The experimental results show the functional protein can enhance proliferation, the properties ...

Tristimulus values (TSV) form the basis of colorimetry. They are transformed to other colorimetric coordinates for industrial applications such as colour specification, colour quality control, colour difference evaluations, device characterization for cross-media colour reproduction and recipe formulation. Accurate calculation of TSVs is highly desired by industry for open environment communica...

Piezoelectric motors are used in many industrial and commercial applications. Various piezoelectric motors are available in the market. All of the piezoelectric motors use the inverse piezoelectric effect, where microscopically small oscillatory motions are converted into continuous or stepping rotary or linear motions. Methods of obtaining long moving distance have various drive and functional...

BACKGROUND There have been very few studies, with contradictory results, on the zinc status of children and adolescents with type-1 diabetes mellitus. The objective of this cross-sectional study was to determine zinc status based on the serum zinc concentration in type-1 diabetic children and adolescents and compare it with that of healthy controls. METHODS Thirty children and adolescents wit...

For this direct colorimetry of urinary oxalate, commercially available oxalate oxidase (EC 1.2.3.4) is used. The urine is first diluted, to diminish the effect of interfering substances. Analytical recovery of oxalate from urines with five different oxalate concentrations (0.4 to 2.0 mmol/L) ranged from 92 to 109% (mean 99%). The within-day and between-day precision (CV) of the method for a wid...