The distribution coefficient (Kd) and the organic carbon distribution coefficient (KOC) were determined for four Perfluorinated Compounds (PFCs) to three different types of sludge taken from a conventional Sewage Treatment Plant (STP). Batch experiments were performed in six different environmental relevant concentrations (200ngL(-1)to 5μgL(-1)) containing 1gL(-1) sludge. Kd values ranged from ...

Wastewater solids could be an attractive source of secondary raw cellulose, mainly originating from toilet paper. Cellulose can recovered through sieving wastewater, return sludge, or excess sludge. In particular, a large fraction cellulose (13–15%) found in the sludge aerobic granular produced by Nereda® wastewater technology. A extraction method was developed during this study, allowing recov...

AIMS To quantify the incremental exposure of root crops, at point of harvest, to enteric pathogens from sewage sludge applied to agricultural land according to current regulations and guidance (Safe Sludge Matrix). METHODS AND RESULTS A quantitative risk assessment based on the Source-Pathway-Receptor approach is developed for Cryptosporidium and salmonellas. Event trees are constructed to mo...

Abstract—In recent decades with the development of technology and lack of food sources, sewage sludge in production of human foods is inevitable. Various sources of municipal and industrial sewage sludge that is produced can provide the requirement of plant nutrients. Soils in arid, semi-arid climate of central Iran that most affected by water drainage, iron and zinc deficiencies, using of sewa...

Recent research has indicated the advantages of combining anaerobic and aerobic processes for the treatment of municipal wastewater, especially for warm-climate countries. Although this configuration is seen as an economical alternative, is has not been investigated in sufficient detail on a worldwide basis. This work presents the results of the monitoring of a pilot-scale plant comprising of a...

Chemical and biological observations were made on sewage sludge in a simulated trenching system in the greenhouse. Limed and unlimed raw and digested sludges were placed in simulated trenches in soil profile boxes in which corn (Zea mays L.) was sown. During the 160-day growth period, roots penetrated entrenched digested sludge and root growth proliferated throughout the sludge. Root penetratio...

key dissimilarities between thermophilic and mesophilic anaerobic digestion of waste activated sludge (was) were experimentally studied in this research. typical was with total solids (ts) concentrations of 30 and 60 g/l were digested anaerobically in a batch digester at mesophilic and thermophilic temperatures. solids reduction, total cod changes, the production of different volatile fatty aci...

The addition of 59 mM nitrate inhibited biogenic sulfide production in dilute sewage sludge (10% [vol/vol]) amended with 20 mM sulfate and either acetate, glucose, or hydrogen as electron donors. Similar results were found when pond sediment or oil field brines served as the inoculum. Sulfide production was inhibited for periods of at least 6 months and was accompanied by the oxidation of resaz...

The performance of mesophilic anaerobic digesters of four large Italian wastewater treatment plants without primary sedimentation were studied. Only the waste activated sludge is stabilised by means of the mesophilic (35–37 8C) anaerobic digestion process. The anaerobic digesters generally worked with a hydraulic retention time in a range of 20–40 days and an organic loading rate of some 1 kg V...

Introduction: One of biological wastewater treatment methods that utilizes to both digesting waste activated sludge and methane production is anaerobic digestion (AD). It is believed to be most effective solution in terms of energy crisis and environmental pollution issues. Materials and Methods: In this study the sludge was digested anaerobically sampled from a full-scale WWTP, located at sou...