Our study monitored the changes in elephant numbers, distribution, and ecological impacts over a 50-year period. During this period, free-ranging intermingled movements of wildlife traditional subsistence pastoralists across Amboseli ecosystem were disrupted by national park, livestock ranches, farms, settlements, changing lifestyles economies. Elephants compressed into park poaching settlement...

Ungulate herbivory is a key natural disturbance in many ecosystems. In forest ecosystems, ungulate often co-occurs with other disturbances yet there are few studies looking at the cumulative impacts of ungulates and on dynamics. We report an 18-year experiment to investigate combined effects introduced, non-native moose native spruce budworm balsam fir recruitment regeneration. Specifically, we...

Environmental and management pressures are considered a threat for preserving plant communities worldwide. Identification of long-term impacts changing practices on community composition must, therefore, be major priority to ensure improvement in conservation value. Land abandonment/wilding is one topical area where there little available information impacts. To address this, here, we describe ...

Abstract The stress-gradient hypothesis predicts that biotic interactions within food webs are context dependent, since environmental stressors can attenuate consumer–prey interactions. Yet, how heavy metal pollution influences the impacts of predatory fish on ecosystem structure is unknown. This study was conducted in Osor stream (Spain), which features a (mainly Zn) gradient. We aimed to dete...

Over a quarter of the world’s land surface is grazed by cattle and other livestock, which are replacing wild herbivores widely regarded as drivers global biodiversity declines. The effects livestock presence versus absence on well documented. However, environmental context-specific stocking rate production poorly understood, precluding nuanced rangeland management recommendations. To address th...

Cattle and other livestock graze more than a quarter of the world's terrestrial area are widely regarded to be drivers global biodiversity declines. Studies often compare effects presence/absence but, our knowledge, no studies have tested for interactive between large wild herbivores at varying stocking rates on small-bodied vertebrates. We investigated cattle (none/moderate/high) diversity wil...

Coffee farms can support significant biodiversity, yet intensification of farming practices is degrading agricultural habitats and compromising ecosystem services such as biological pest control. The coffee berry borer (Hypothenemus hampei) is the world's primary coffee pest. Researchers have demonstrated that birds reduce insect abundance on coffee farms but have not documented avian control o...