Major League Baseball continues to operate with an antitrust exemption courtesy of a 1922 U.S. Supreme Court ruling. That is especially relevant for how MLB officials establish the conditions and terms that govern relationship between major league teams their minor affiliates. Recently, formation advocacy groups such as Minor Advocates has led several lawsuits against MLB’s violations state lab...

Abstract This article analyses what is widely known as the police powers exemption found in modern international investment agreements, with a focus on mega-regional trade and agreements. It explores its legal nature requirements, burden of proof issues compensation. In an attempt to curb (indirect) expropriation claims, carves out non-discriminatory regulatory measures from scope indirect such...

In metazoans, cell-cycle-dependent histones are produced from poly(A)-lacking mRNAs. The 3' end of histone mRNAs is formed by an endonucleolytic cleavage of longer precursors between a conserved stem-loop structure and a purine-rich histone downstream element (HDE). The cleavage requires at least two trans-acting factors: the stem-loop binding protein (SLBP), which binds to the stem-loop and th...

Plasmode is a term coined several years ago to describe data sets that are derived from real data but for which some truth is known. Omic techniques, most especially microarray and genomewide association studies, have catalyzed a new zeitgeist of data sharing that is making data and data sets publicly available on an unprecedented scale. Coupling such data resources with a science of plasmode u...

This paper pertains to the reduction of the effects of measurement errors in rate gyros used for tracking, recording, or monitoring the position of persons walking indoors. In such applications, bias drift and other gyro errors can degrade accuracy within minutes. To overcome this problem we developed the Heuristic Drift Elimination (HDE) method, that effectively corrects bias drift and other s...