We study the conditions under which a semigroup is obtained upon convex combinations of channels. In particular, we set Pauli and generalized find that mixing only semigroups can never produce semigroup. Counter-intuitively, for combination to yield semigroup, most input channels have be noninvertible.

‎we present a characterization of arens regular semigroup algebras‎ ‎$ell^1(s)$‎, ‎for a large class of semigroups‎. ‎mainly‎, ‎we show that‎ ‎if the set of idempotents of an inverse semigroup $s$ is finite‎, ‎then $ell^1(s)$ is arens regular if and only if $s$ is finite‎.

The firing rates of neurons in the central visual pathway vary with stimulus strength, but not necessarily in a linear manner. In the contrast domain, the neural response function for cells in the primary visual cortex is characterized by expansive and compressive nonlinearities at low and high contrasts, respectively. A compressive nonlinearity at high contrast is also found for early visual p...

Expansive soils are often encountered in many parts of the world, especially in arid and semi-arid fields. Such kind of soils, generally including active clay minerals in low water content, enlarge in volume by absorbing the water through the surface and cause a great harm to the light structures such as channel coating, roads and airports. The expansive soils were encountered on the path of Ap...

Expansive soils are often encountered in many parts of the world, especially in arid and semi-arid fields. Such kind of soils, generally including active clay minerals in low water content, enlarge in volume by absorbing the water through the surface and cause a great harm to the light structures such as channel coating, roads and airports. The expansive soils were encountered on the path of Ap...

A homeomorphism f : X → X of a compactum X with metric d is expansive if there is c > 0 such that if x, y ∈ X and x 6= y, then there is an integer n ∈ Z such that d(fn(x), fn(y)) > c. A homeomorphism f : X → X is continuum-wise expansive if there is c > 0 such that if A is a nondegenerate subcontinuum of X, then there is an integer n ∈ Z such that diam fn(A) > c. Clearly, every expansive homeom...

We give a characterization for irreducible numerical semi-groups. From this characterization we obtain that every irre-ducible numerical semigroup is either a symmetric or pseudo-symmetric numerical semigroup. We study the minimal presentations of an irreducible numerical semigroup. Separately, we deal with the cases of maximal embedding dimension and multiplicity 3 and 4.

A subsemigroup S of an inverse semigroup Q is a left I-order in Q, if every element in Q can be written as a−1b where a, b ∈ S and a−1 is the inverse of a in the sense of inverse semigroup theory. We study a characterisation of semigroups which have a primitive inverse semigroup of left I-quotients.

The Temperley-Lieb and Brauer algebras and their cyclotomic analogues, as well as the partition algebra, are all examples of twisted semigroup algebras. We prove a general theorem about the cellularity of twisted semigroup algebras of regular semigroups. This theorem, which generalises a recent result of East about semigroup algebras of inverse semigroups, allows us to easily reproduce the cell...

We discuss the spectral properties of collisional semigroups associated to various models from transport theory by exploiting the links between the so-called resolvent approach and the semigroup approach. Precisely, we show that the essential spectrum of the full transport semigroup coincides with that of the collisionless transport semigroup in any L–spaces (1 < p < ∞) for three 2D–transport m...