Pronunciation lessons have frequently been overlooked in English as a Foreign Language (EFL) classes for variety of reasons. As result, many EFL students always struggle to communicate with confidence due their bad pronunciation. The researcher carried out this study view examining the impacts using video dubbing improving students’ pronunciation classrooms. This was classroom action research a...

This paper reviews two divergent approaches to the development and application of expert systems in manufacturing and suggests that AI researchers and system designers can more effectively contribute to manufacturing solutions by pursuing high performance design rather than reinforcing traditional technocentric assumptions.