The goal of this document is to provide a computationally practical guide to game-theoretic problems. We discuss the current intractibility of finding Nash Equilibria exactly, and of even specifying a game in normal form for a large number of players. But hope is not lost. Efficiently computable solution concepts are presented as alternatives to Nash Equilibria, with a corresponding notion of P...

Many negotiations have a preset deadline by which an agreement must be reached. For example, with a known trial date looming ahead, parties engage in pretrial negotiations. Before international summits, countries bargain over the terms of the accords to be signed at the summit. Broadcasters selling advertising space for some live event have until the event takes place to reach an agreement with...

Getting loans from banks are almost impossible after 2008 global financial crisis. As a result, about 80% of companies in United Kingdom and United States offer their products on various short-term, free-interest loans (i.e., trade credit) to customers. Numerous researchers and academicians apply discounted cash flow (DCF) analysis merely to compute the interest earned and charged during the cr...

1. The depressant drugs which have been studied in this series of experiments were found to resemble morphine and heroine in that they depressed expiration more than inspiration, but they acted only in narcotic doses and always depressed inspiration at the same time. Ether caused a sharp expiratory rhythm, persisting until narcosis was very deep, probably a result of irritation of the air passa...

In this study, a biodegradable/conducting film based on polylactic acid (PLA) modified with polyaniline, zinc oxide, and copper oxide (PLA/PAn/CuO/ZnO) was prepared. The effect of the electrical, physicochemical, antioxidant, antimicrobial properties films by different techniques such as SEM, FTIR, TGA were investigated. Electricity conductive used for intelligent packaging orange juice. chemic...

The application of negative expiratory pressure (NEP) at end expiration has been shown to cause reflex-mediated activation of the genioglossus muscle in awake humans. To test whether a reflex contraction of pharyngeal dilator muscles also occurs in response to NEP applied in early expiration, the effect on genioglossus muscle reflex activity of NEP pulses of 500 ms, given 0.2 s after the onset ...

The development of a persistent air-leak due to secondary pneumothorax in patients with COPD is a difficult problem. Treatment options can include surgery, pleurodesis, and various endoscopic techniques. The use of one-way valves has been reported in patients with broncho-pleural and alveolo-pleural fistulae arising after surgical resection as well as after secondary pneumothorax. Isolating the...