Extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacteriaceae with Cefotaximase-München (CTX-M) enzymes are rapidly increasing worldwide and pose a threat to health care. ESBLs with CTX-M enzymes have been isolated from animals and different food products, but it is unknown if food imported from the Mediterranean area may be a possible reservoir of these bacteria. During 2007-2008, swab sam...

OBJECTIVES To determine the occurrence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacteriaceae in Bahrain. METHODS Retrospective analysis of records (January 2005-December 2006) at the Microbiology Laboratory of the Salmaniya Medical Complex, Bahrain which is the major national diagnostic laboratory. RESULTS Out of a total of 11,886 member of family of Enterobacteriaceae iso...

that hospital outbreaks of ESBL-producing E. coli may occur6. The reason why ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae is more likely to cause clusters of infection than E. coli has not been fully explored. While scores of scientists study bacterial pathogenesis, attention must surely be placed by the scientific community on the reasons why some strains are more “hospital-adapted” than others. Ability to at...

Many clinical laboratories have problems detecting extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) and plasmid-mediated AmpC beta-lactamases. Confusion exists about the importance of these resistance mechanisms, optimal test methods, and appropriate reporting conventions. Failure to detect these enzymes has contributed to their uncontrolled spread and sometimes to therapeutic failures. Although Natio...

Nosocomial infections caused by extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing gram-negative bacteria complicate therapy and limit treatment options. However, the clinical significance of infections caused by ESBL-producing bacteria remains unclear. A critical examination of the literature provides divergent views of the effect of ESBL carriage on morbidity and mortality and suggests that ES...

135. Fosfomycin Susceptibilities Among Uropathogenic Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamase-producing Enterobacteriacea Lilian Abbo, MD; Aida Casiano-Colón, PhD; Marissa Tysiak, PharmD; Thomas M. Hooton, MD; Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL; Integrated Regional Laboratories, Ft Lauderdale, FL; University of Miami Hospital, Miami, FL; ...

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES Urinary tract infection (UTI) remain the common infections diagnosed in outpatients as well as in hospitalized patients. Current knowledge on antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of uropathogens is mandatory for appropriate therapy. Extended spectrum beta lactamases (ESBL) hydrolyse expanded spectrum cephalosporins like ceftazidime, cephotaxime which are used in the trea...

Extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) are enzymes produced in some gram-negative bacilli that mediate resistance to extended-spectrum cephalosporins and aztreonam. They are most common in Klebsiella spp. and Escherichia coli but are present in a variety of Enterobacteriaceae. Resistance mediated by these enzymes can be difficult to detect depending on the antimicrobial agents tested. AmpC b...

To evaluate the validity of our in vitro evolution method as a model for natural evolutionary processes, the TEM-1 beta-lactamase gene was evolved in vitro and was selected for increased resistance to cefotaxime, cefuroxime, ceftazadime, and aztreonam, i.e., the "extended-spectrum" phenotype. The amino acid substitutions recovered in 10 independent in vitro evolvants were compared with the amin...