Walkup’s class K(d) consists of the d-dimensional simplicial complexes all whose vertex links are stacked (d − 1)-spheres. According to a result of Walkup, the face vector of any triangulated 4-manifold X with Euler characteristic χ satisfies f1 ≥ 5f0 − 15 2 χ, with equality only for X ∈ K(4). Kühnel observed that this implies f0(f0− 11) ≥ −15χ, with equality only for 2-neighborly members of K(...

This acoustic study explored dialect effects on realization of nuclear pitch accents in three regional varieties of American English spoken in central Ohio, southeastern Wisconsin and western North Carolina. Fundamental frequency (f0) change from vowel onset to offset in the most prominent syllable in a sentence was examined along four parameters: maximum f0 change, relative location of f0 maxi...

Harmonic complex tones produce pitch-height perception corresponding to the fundamental frequency (F0). This study investigates how the spectral cue of F0 is processed in neurons of the primary auditory cortex (A1) with sustained-response properties. We found F0-sensitive and -insensitive cells: the former discriminated between harmonics and noise, while the latter did not. F0-sensitive cells p...

For stimuli modeling stop consonants varying in the acoustic correlates of voice onset time (VOT), human listeners are more likely to perceive stimuli with lower f0's as voiced consonants--a pattern of perception that follows regularities in English speech production. The present study examines the basis of this observation. One hypothesis is that lower f0's enhance perception of voiced stops b...

A method was developed for generating sentence F0 contours of Japanese, when a focus is placed in one of the “bunsetsu” of an utterance. It controls F0 based on the F0 model; not frame-byframe F0 prediction as in the case of HMM-based speech synthesis. The method first predicts differences in the F0 model commands between utterances with and without focus, and then applies them to the F0 model ...

Totally Speaker Driven Text to Speech System produces high quality and natural speech resembling the acoustic and prosodic characteristics of the original speech corpus. In the F0 contour control of this system, an F0 contour of a whole sentence is produced by concatenating segmental F0 contours generated by modifying vectors that are representatives of typical F0 contours. The representative v...

The conventional state-based F0 modeling in HMM-based speech synthesis system is good at capturing micro prosodic features, but difficult to characterize long term pitch patterns directly. This paper presents a hierarchical F0 modeling method to address this issue. In this method, different F0 models are used to model the pitch patterns for different prosodic layers (including state, phone, syl...

This paper proposes a method of generating F0 contours from natural F0 segmental shapes for speech synthesis. The extracted shapes of F0 units are basically kept unchanged, by eliminating any averaging operation in the analysis phase and minimizing modification operations in the synthesis phase. The use of “kept-unchanged” F0 shapes has a great potential to incorporate a wide variety of speakin...

Objective(s): Fibromyalgia (FM) is a central nervous system disorder characterized by widespread mechanical hyperalgesia due to unknown mechanisms. Several inflammatory mediators, such as interleukin-1 (IL-1), IL-6, IL-8, and tumor necrosis factor, are increased in the serum of FM patients. Although medications including pregabalin, duloxetine, and milnacipran are used...