smoking is the most common addictive drug and is the main gate for other substance abuse. relapse is one of the main problems in smoking cessation programs. smoking abstinence self-efficacy plays a basic role in preventing of re-addiction or relapse after quitting smoking. the aim of this study was to construct and validate smoking abstinence self-efficacy scale for iranian population. at the f...

BACKGROUND Gait disorder, a key contributor to fall and poor quality of life, represents a major therapeutic challenge in Parkinson's disease (PD). The efficacy of acupuncture for PD remains unclear, largely due to methodological flaws and lack of studies using objective outcome measures. OBJECTIVE To objectively assess the efficacy of electroacupuncture (EA) for gait disorders using body-wor...

Abstract Objective To evaluate the use of an assessment fear falling (i.e., Short Fall Efficacy Scale [SFES]) in evaluation and management mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) older adults. Methods Fifty-two adults (40% male) aged 60–76 (66.44 ± 4.74) years were included study; 27 diagnosed with mTBI within three months (33.07 18.86 days) 25 age-group sex-matched controls. All participants comple...

background: although sleeping problems are common among all age groups, the elderly suffer a higher prevalence of sleep disorders. the present study aimed to investigate the relationship between sleep quality, self-efficacy, and stages of change among the elderly. methods: this descriptive-analytical study was conducted on 36 individuals aged 60-75 years selected through simple random sampling ...

it is well documented that language learning success or failure is influenced by the affective side of the learner. self-efficacy and anxiety are among the affective factors influencing language learning. this study first explores the relationship between efl learners' self-efficacy in reading comprehension and their reading anxiety. secondly, it explores the relationship between efl learners' ...

Abstract Background Falls efficacy is a widely-studied latent construct in community-dwelling older adults. Various self-reported instruments have been used to measure falls efficacy. In order be informed of the choice best measurement instrument for specific purpose, empirical evidence development and properties related needed. Methods The Consensus-based Standards Selection Health Measurement...

background : falls are important causes of mortality and morbidity in urban areas and put a high burden on societies. we investigated patterns of fall traumas and related factors in a referral trauma hospital in tehran, iran. methods: in this routine-data-based study, all documents of fall cases in hazrate-rasool hospital, tehran, iran, during october 2014-2015 were investigated. information on...