Abstract Voss, Lucas, and Paller provide a thought-provoking summary of their recent research showing that neural effects which are often attributed to (explicit) feelings of familiarity can instead be attributed to the (implicit) effects of conceptual priming. Here, we discuss research that shows effects of priming on (putative) behavioral and neural measures of familiarity, and consider a sli...

In the recognition heuristic (Goldstein & Gigerenzer, 2002), people’s knowledge of objects is defined as “recognized” or “not recognized.” Thus the subjective knowledge levels for recognized objects are regarded as identical. However, subjective knowledge levels for recognized objects can differ, based on differences in their familiarity. In the current study, we assume that subjective knowledg...

The capacity of a specially designed neural network for familiarity recognition and recollection has been compared. The recognition is based on calculating some quantity interpreted as the familiarity of a pattern. The familiarity is calculated using a modified Hopfield energy function in which the value of the inner sum is replaced by the sign of this value. This replacement makes the calculat...

HCI has long sought to account for peopleÕs experiences with technology and to ground good design practice in this knowledge. In an effort to understand human action and cognition, HCI has drawn on a wide variety of disciplines. While the social sciences are regular ports of call, philosophy per se is rarely consulted. This paper is an exception: we present an empirical investigation of compute...

INTRODUCTION Familiarity has been associated with integrity of the rhinal cortex. Thus, impairment in familiarity is expected in very early stages of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 allele is a major risk factor for AD. Here, we investigated the effect of the APOE ε4 status on familiarity in cognitively normal aging individuals. METHODS Eighty-one individuals aged bet...

The familiarity to the subject of any potential stimuli presents one of the major difficulties for the investigation of the self; the separation of effects resulting from familiarity from self-effects being extremely problematic. The aim of this study was thus to investigate the neural distinction between self and familiarity by combining two sets of fMRI data with a meta-analysis. In the first...

The ability to recognize a previously experienced stimulus is supported by two processes: recollection of the stimulus in the context of other information associated with the experience, and a sense of familiarity with the features of the stimulus. Although familiarity and recollection are functionally distinct, there is considerable debate about how these kinds of memory are supported by regio...

This study investigated the effects of group member familiarity during computersupported collaborative learning. Familiarity may have an impact on online collaboration, because it may help group members to progress more quickly through the stages of group development, and may lead to higher group cohesion. It was therefore hypothesized that increased familiarity would lead to (a) more critical ...

Models of recognition memory have traditionally struggled with the puzzle of criterion setting, a problem that is particularly acute in cases in which items for study and test are of widely varying types, with differing degrees of baseline familiarity and experience (e.g., words vs. random dot patterns). We present a dynamic model of the recognition process that addresses the criterion setting ...

Global memory models are evaluated by using data from recognition memory experiments. For recognition, each of the models gives a value of familiarity as the output from matching a test item against memory. The experiments provide ROC (receiver operating characteristic) curves that give information about the standard deviations of familiarity values for old and new test items in the models. The...