Motivated by the proliferation of free trade agreements (FTAs) in Asia over the last decade, this paper studies the challenges faced by the Asian “noodle bowl”—overlapping, multiple trade rules, regulations, and standards in Asia—in the process of regional and global trade integration. The paper first highlights the importance of trade and investment linkages among Asian economies that have for...

In this paper we compare and contrast the political viability of bilateral Free Trade Area (FTA) Agreements in the presence of tariffs and quotas. Assuming that the government maximizes a weighted sum of welfare and producer profits, we show that the political viability of FTAs varies according to whether trade restrictions take the form of tariffs or quotas. A key result is that whereas an FTA...

This paper discusses research on fault propagation analysis and two associated fault sensitivity measurement approaches for the investigation of faults in human-centric processes. The techniques presented grew out of a joint project between the U.S. Air Force Academy and Missouri University of Science and Technology to investigate terrorist activities involving improvised explosive devices. Two...

This article presents the case that fault tree analysis is the better risk analysis method to apply early in software development projects.

In a simple model where global trade negotiations precede sequential Free Trade Agreement (FTA) formation, we show global tari¤ negotiations can prevent global free trade: FTA formation can yield global free trade in the absence of global tari¤ negotiations, but global free trade never emerges when global tari¤ negotitaions precede FTA formation. Intuitively, global tari¤ negotiations can preve...

In the present study, a methodology for determining the factors affecting fuel consumption variation in tractors is proposed using the Fault Tree Analysis (FTA) technique. The mechanical system of a rear traction tractor is modeled and the parameters responsible for the tractor performance are emphasized. From the definition of such parameters (for example: rear weight dynamic, slip, dynamic we...

The cost of the device, as shown in Figure 1, was estimated using low-volume pricing for all materials and reagents (Table S1). Once scaled-up for high-volume manufacturing, bulk discounts would further decrease the total cost. The transition from 25 µL LAMP reactions in tubes, to 10 µL reactions run in FTA paper, required optimization of the reaction conditions. Here, we investigated two diffe...

Component fault trees that contain safety basic events as well as security basic events cannot be analyzed like normal CFTs. Safety basic events are rated with probabilities in an interval [0,1], for security basic events simpler scales such as {low, medium, high} make more sense. In this paper an approach is described how to handle a quantitative safety analysis with different rating schemes f...

Kurzfassung: Seit mehreren Jahren wird an einer stärkeren Integration von modellbasierter Systementwicklung und Sicherheitsanalyse geforscht. In diesem Paper werden ein Ansatz und ein Werkzeug zur besseren und frühzeitigen Verzahnung zwischen der Systementwicklung und der Sicherheitsanalyse präsentiert. Im Vordergrund des Ansatzes steht die Verknüpfung der in der Industrie etablierten Werkzeuge...