BACKGROUND In Bihar, India, high maternal anemia prevalence and low iron and folic acid supplement (IFA) receipt and consumption have continued over time despite universal IFA distribution and counseling during pregnancy. PURPOSE To examine individual and facility-level determinants of IFA receipt and consumption among pregnant women in rural Bihar, India. METHODS Using District Level House...

An effective active noise control (ANC) system, based on identifying the so-called secondary path, can cancel the undesired noise. However, in some ANC applications, secondary path fluctuation will degrade the performance of noise cancellation. This paper proposes a novel average value algorithm with conventional filtered-X lease mean square (FXLMS) method to solve this problem. A method to tun...

BACKGROUND Utilization of Antenatal Care (ANC) is very low in Nigeria. Self-reported patient satisfaction may be useful to identify provider- and facility-specific factors that can be improved to increase ANC satisfaction and utilization. METHODS Exit interview data collected from ANC users and facility assessment survey data from 534 systematically selected facilities in four northern Nigeri...

The terms acid neutralizing capacity (ANC) and alkalinity (Alk) are extensively employed in the characterization of natural waters, including soft circumneutral or acidic waters. However, in the presence of organic acids, ANC measurements are inconsistent with many conceptual definitions of ANC or Alk and do not provide an adequate characterization of the acid-base chemistry of water. Knowledge...

BACKGROUND The effects of diabetes mellitus on the differential white blood cell count are not widely studied in the Arab populations. The objective of this cross-sectional, retrospective study is to assess the influence of chronic diabetes mellitus on white blood cell counts, absolute neutrophil (ANC) and lymphocyte counts (ALC) as well as the prevalence of benign ethnic neutropenia among Arab...

Maternal mortality in Bangladesh was 320 per 100,000 live births between the years of 1998 and 2000. Utilization of maternal health services remains low in the low-resource countries like Bangladesh. This study attempts to evaluate the levels, patterns, and trends of utilization of antenatal care (ANC) services in Bangladesh. This is a descriptive study based on national surveys of Bangladesh D...

Background Early initiation of antenatal care visits is an essential component of services to improving maternal and new born health. The Cameroonian Demographic and Health Survey conducted in 2011 indicated that only 34% of pregnant women start antenatal care in the first trimester. However, detailed study to identify factors associated with late initiation of care has not been conducted in Ca...

BACKGROUND The global health community is currently transitioning from the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Unfortunately, progress towards maternal, newborn and infant health MDGs has lagged significantly behind other key health goals, demanding a renewed global effort in this key health area. The World Health Organization and other institutions ...

BALB/c mice (H-2d) given 10 Gy total body irradiation (TBI) followed by 10(7) bone marrow (BM) and 10(6) spleen cells from C57BL/6 (H-2b) donor mice received recombinant cytokines intraperitoneally (IP) twice daily. The effect on neutrophil recovery rate, graft-v-host disease (GVHD), and survival was assessed. Four reagents were used: granulocyte-colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), granulocyte-m...