This study seeks to investigate the effect of restricted feeding regimes at different rate on growth performance of Clarias gariepinus using static and flow through system. Fingerlings were divided into six batches for each systems with the first and second batch fed at 5% body weight (BW) every day and every other day respectively, the third and fourth batch were fed 10% BW every day and every...

Mammals can influence growth, reproduction, competitive ability, and survival of woody plants by virtue of selective browsing and gnawing of dormant shoots during winter. Apparently in response to this type of herbivory, plants have evolved chemical and mechanical deterrents to mammalian herbivores. We report on plant ontogeny and biogeography, which exert their influence on herbivory at differ...

background: children with cleft lip and palate generally suffer from inappropriate and inadequate feeding, resulting in insufficient weight gain leading to malnutrition and poor growth. we aimed to evaluate the nutritional and growth status of cleft lip and palate children before and after reconstructive cleft lip and palate surgery. methods: all cleft lip and palate children aging from birth u...

objectives: feeding is an essential function which affects quality of life of the intellectually disabled (id) persons. approximately 80% of the severe and profound mentally retarded population have some feeding difficulties. this study aimed to determine the prevalence of feeding problems in children with id. methods: in this cross-sectional descriptive study, 144 individuals with intellectual...

introduction: the incidence of malnutrition in hospitalized patients is reported to be high. in particular, patients with esophageal cancer are prone to malnutrition, due to preoperative digestive system dysfunctions and short-term non-oral feeding postoperatively. selection of an appropriate method for feeding in the postoperative period is important in these patients.   materials and methods:...

Secondary plant compounds are strong deterrents of insect oviposition and feeding, but may also be attractants for specialist herbivores. These insect-plant interactions are mediated by insect gustatory receptors (Grs) and olfactory receptors (Ors). An analysis of the reference genome of the butterfly Heliconius melpomene, which feeds on passion-flower vines (Passiflora spp.), together with who...

The current study was conducted to evaluate effects of sequential or wet feeding programs subsequent to and early meal feeding regime on performance, carcass characteristics and humoral immunity in broiler chicks. 192 Ross 308 chicks (seven-day old) were allocated to four treatments at four replicates (12 chicks per plot) based on a Completely Randomized Design. Treatments were included: contro...

Herbivore performance and reproductive output are expected to covary with qualitative changes in the host plant. The availability of nutrients may be especially important for the quality of algae as food through its effect on both primary and secondary metabolism and within-plant variation. We evaluated the effect of the nutrient enrichment of the brown alga Fucus vesiculosus on the fecundity, ...

The evolution of cactophily in the genus Drosophila was a major ecological transition involving over a hundred species in the Americas that acquired the capacity to cope with a variety of toxic metabolites evolved as feeding deterrents in Cactaceae. D. buzzatii and D. koepferae are sibling cactophilic species in the D. repleta group. The former is mainly associated with the relatively toxic-fre...